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Related Concept Videos

Rh Blood Group01:19

Rh Blood Group

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The Rhesus (Rh) antigen is crucial in determining blood groups and ensuring compatibility during blood transfusions.
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Understanding an individual's blood group is a critical component of transfusion medicine. It ensures compatibility in blood transfusions, organ transplants, and even during pregnancy. Determining these blood groups involves the ABO and Rh blood typing systems, utilizing specific antigens and corresponding anti-sera to identify an individual's blood type.
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Human blood is classified into different types based on the presence of antigens on the red blood cell's surface and antibodies in the plasma. Proper identification of blood type is essential for successful blood transfusion. The International Society of Blood Transfusion has identified 38 human blood types based on the surface antigens on the red blood cells. The most common types are ABO, Rh, and MNS blood types.
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The ABO blood group system is a critical element of transfusion medicine, essential for determining blood compatibility in transfusions and organ transplants. It is based on specific antigens, or agglutinogens, present on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs) and corresponding antibodies, or agglutinins, in the blood plasma.
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Blood transfusion is a therapeutic measure to restore the blood volume after extensive blood loss due to an accident or a medical procedure. Blood transfusion involves drawing a certain amount of blood from a suitable donor and infusing it into the recipient.
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Blood transfusion is a critical medical procedure that saves lives and treats various medical conditions. It involves transferring blood from a donor to a recipient. This process requires a thorough understanding of the ABO blood group system and its associated antigens and antibodies.
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Antigens Protected Functional Red Blood Cells By The Membrane Grafting Of Compact Hyperbranched Polyglycerols
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Raph blood group system.

M Hayes1

  • 1MT(ASCP)SBB, MS HHSA, Director, IRL, Greater Alleghenies American Red Cross, 250 Jari Drive, Johnstown, PA 15904.

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|September 20, 2014
PubMed
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This summary is machine-generated.

The Raph blood group system

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Area of Science:

  • Transfusion Medicine
  • Immunology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The Raph blood group system comprises a single antigen, MER2.
  • MER2 was reclassified in 2004 and is associated with the CD151 gene.
  • CD151 protein is vital for cell interactions and signaling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current knowledge of the Raph blood group system and the MER2 antigen.
  • To explore the genetic basis and clinical implications of MER2 alloantibodies.
  • To assess the significance of MER2 in transfusion medicine.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of reported cases of MER2 alloantibodies.
  • Analysis of genetic mutations in the CD151 gene in affected individuals.
  • Review of clinical phenotypes associated with CD151 gene variations.

Main Results:

  • Six cases of human alloantibodies to MER2 have been reported.
  • Three individuals with MER2 antibodies had stop codons in the CD151 gene, presenting with nephropathy, deafness, skin lesions, and P-thalassemia minor.
  • Other individuals had missense mutations in CD151, with varying clinical presentations, including one case of hemolytic transfusion reaction.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic variations in the CD151 gene are linked to MER2 alloantibodies and associated clinical conditions.
  • While CD151 is important in cell biology, its clinical significance in transfusion medicine is currently limited.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand the implications of the Raph blood group system in clinical practice.