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Cost-effectiveness analysis of optimal control measures for tuberculosis
Paula Rodrigues1, Cristiana J Silva, Delfim F M Torres
1Department of Mathematics and Center of Mathematics and Applications, New University of Lisbon, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal, pcpr@fct.unl.pt.
Bulletin of Mathematical Biology
|September 24, 2014
Summary
This study optimizes tuberculosis (TB) treatment strategies by modeling reinfection and intervention costs. Findings guide effective control of active TB cases by targeting latent individuals.
Area of Science:
- Mathematical epidemiology
- Optimal control theory
- Public health interventions
Background:
- Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health challenge, complicated by reinfection dynamics.
- Mathematical models are crucial for understanding TB transmission and evaluating control strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and analyze an optimal control problem for TB, incorporating reinfection.
- To determine optimal treatment strategies for early latent and persistent latent individuals to reduce active TB cases.
- To minimize intervention costs while assessing the impact of varying transmission coefficients and reinfection risks.
Main Methods:
- Formulation of an optimal control problem using a mathematical model for TB with reinfection.
- Analysis of control functions representing treatment fractions for latent TB stages.
- Comparison of optimal interventions across different epidemiological scenarios and reinfection risks.
- Cost-effectiveness analysis of individual and combined control measures.
Main Results:
- Identification of optimal intervention strategies for reducing active TB cases.
- Quantification of the impact of transmission rates and reinfection risk on optimal control measures.
- Demonstration of the trade-offs between intervention intensity and implementation costs.
- Evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of different treatment combinations.
Conclusions:
- Optimal control strategies can effectively reduce active TB burden by targeting latent populations.
- Reinfection dynamics and transmission rates significantly influence the choice and timing of interventions.
- A cost-effectiveness approach is vital for prioritizing and implementing TB control measures efficiently.
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