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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 23, 2026

Preoxygenation Techniques for Tracheal Intubation in Critically Ill Adults Utilizing Oxygen Mask and Noninvasive Ventilation
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Pneumonia prevention to decrease mortality in intensive care unit: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Antoine Roquilly1, Emmanuel Marret2, Edward Abraham3

  • 1Service d'Anesthésie Réanimation Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes University Hospital.

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
|September 26, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Selective digestive decontamination (SDD) with systemic antimicrobial therapy significantly reduces mortality in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. This strategy should be considered for critically ill patients at high risk of death.

Keywords:
hospital-acquired pneumonia/preventionmechanical ventilationmortalityselective digestive decontamination

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Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Infectious Disease Prevention
  • Evidence-Based Medicine

Background:

  • Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) is a significant cause of mortality in intensive care units (ICUs).
  • Effective prevention strategies are crucial for improving outcomes in critically ill patients.
  • This review focuses on HAP prevention methods in the ICU setting.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and evaluate prevention strategies for hospital-acquired pneumonia that reduce mortality in the ICU.
  • To synthesize evidence from randomized controlled trials on HAP prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis following PRISMA guidelines.
  • Searched MEDLINE and Cochrane Controlled Trials Register for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in critically ill adult ICU patients.
  • Included studies evaluating digestive, circuit, or oropharyngeal prophylactic methods for HAP prevention.

Main Results:

  • Meta-analysis of 157 RCTs (37,156 patients) showed an overall reduction in mortality (Risk Ratio [RR] 0.95).
  • Selective digestive decontamination (SDD) was the only strategy significantly decreasing mortality (RR 0.84).
  • SDD combined with systemic antimicrobial therapy showed a significant reduction in in-ICU death (RR 0.78).

Conclusions:

  • Selective digestive decontamination (SDD) combined with systemic antimicrobial therapy effectively reduces mortality in critically ill ICU patients.
  • SDD should be considered for high-risk ICU patients to prevent HAP and decrease mortality.