Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Influenza01:27

Influenza

70
Influenza is an acute, highly communicable viral disease that affects the respiratory tract and is responsible for seasonal epidemics worldwide. Influenza A is the most prevalent type associated with widespread outbreaks and is subtyped based on two surface glycoproteins: hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N), as in H1N1. These glycoproteins are essential for viral infectivity, transmission, and immune recognition. Transmission occurs primarily through respiratory droplets and contaminated...
70
Steps in Outbreak Investigation01:18

Steps in Outbreak Investigation

775
In the ever-evolving field of public health, statistical analysis serves as a cornerstone for understanding and managing disease outbreaks. By leveraging various statistical tools, health professionals can predict potential outbreaks, analyze ongoing situations, and devise effective responses to mitigate impact. For that to happen, there are a few possible stages of the analysis:
775
Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence01:28

Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence

82
Infectious diseases appear in populations through various transmission patterns, influenced by pathogen characteristics, population immunity, environmental conditions, and social behavior. Understanding these patterns is essential for effective public health surveillance and intervention. These categories—sporadic, outbreak, epidemic, pandemic, and endemic—help frame the nature and scope of disease events.Sporadic diseases occur irregularly and infrequently, without a predictable...
82
Preparedness and Phobias01:09

Preparedness and Phobias

472
Human fear responses to certain stimuli, such as darkness, heights, deep water, and blood, can often arise despite the absence of direct negative experiences. This phenomenon is rooted in evolutionary psychology, which posits that humans have developed a predisposition to fear stimuli that historically posed significant survival threats. This predisposition, known as preparedness, suggests that early humans who developed a fear of potentially dangerous entities, such as venomous snakes and...
472
Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

43.7K
Overview
43.7K
Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment01:25

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment

2.0K
Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
2.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Ebola Virus in Pregnancy.

Obstetrics and gynecology·2026
Same author

Learning from swine influenza, Ebola virus disease, and Legionnaires' disease in 1976.

Lancet (London, England)·2026
Same author

Antigenic Drift and Antivaccine Shift in the 2025-2026 Influenza Season.

The New England journal of medicine·2026
Same author

Expanding the Genetic Landscape of Craniofacial Anomalies Through Transcriptome-Wide Association Studies.

Research square·2026
Same author

Longitudinal analysis of electronic health records reveals medical conditions associated with subsequent Alzheimer's disease development.

Alzheimer's research & therapy·2025
Same author

Public Health.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 23, 2026

Use of an Influenza Antigen Microarray to Measure the Breadth of Serum Antibodies Across Virus Subtypes
08:52

Use of an Influenza Antigen Microarray to Measure the Breadth of Serum Antibodies Across Virus Subtypes

Published on: July 26, 2019

8.6K

Updated preparedness and response framework for influenza pandemics.

Rachel Holloway, Sonja A Rasmussen, Stephanie Zaza

    MMWR. Recommendations and Reports : Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Recommendations and Reports
    |September 26, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    The CDC updated its influenza pandemic framework with six intervals and eight domains for better risk assessment and decision-making during novel influenza events. This systematic approach enhances pandemic preparedness and response in the United States.

    More Related Videos

    A Luciferase-fluorescent Reporter Influenza Virus for Live Imaging and Quantification of Viral Infection
    05:21

    A Luciferase-fluorescent Reporter Influenza Virus for Live Imaging and Quantification of Viral Infection

    Published on: August 14, 2019

    28.9K
    Expression and Purification of Virus-like Particles for Vaccination
    06:17

    Expression and Purification of Virus-like Particles for Vaccination

    Published on: June 2, 2016

    21.3K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Apr 23, 2026

    Use of an Influenza Antigen Microarray to Measure the Breadth of Serum Antibodies Across Virus Subtypes
    08:52

    Use of an Influenza Antigen Microarray to Measure the Breadth of Serum Antibodies Across Virus Subtypes

    Published on: July 26, 2019

    8.6K
    A Luciferase-fluorescent Reporter Influenza Virus for Live Imaging and Quantification of Viral Infection
    05:21

    A Luciferase-fluorescent Reporter Influenza Virus for Live Imaging and Quantification of Viral Infection

    Published on: August 14, 2019

    28.9K
    Expression and Purification of Virus-like Particles for Vaccination
    06:17

    Expression and Purification of Virus-like Particles for Vaccination

    Published on: June 2, 2016

    21.3K

    Area of Science:

    • Public Health
    • Epidemiology
    • Infectious Disease Control

    Background:

    • Emerging novel influenza viruses necessitate systematic frameworks for effective planning and response.
    • Previous U.S. government stages for pandemic influenza lacked sufficient detail for timely decision-making.
    • Recent influenza response experiences highlighted the need for an updated, comprehensive strategy.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) updated framework for describing influenza pandemic progression.
    • To provide recommendations for risk assessment, decision-making, and action during influenza pandemics in the United States.
    • To replace outdated U.S. federal government stages with a more detailed and clear system.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of a new framework detailing six intervals of pandemic progression: investigation, increased transmission potential, initiation, acceleration, deceleration, and preparation for future waves.
    • Integration of eight domains to organize response efforts: incident management, surveillance, laboratory, community mitigation, medical care, vaccine, risk communication, and coordination.
    • Alignment with the World Health Organization's (WHO) 2013 restructured pandemic phases and incorporation of new planning tools.

    Main Results:

    • The updated framework offers greater detail and clarity on the timing of key decisions and actions.
    • It provides a systematic approach to weighing emergence risks, public health impact, transmissibility, and severity.
    • The framework serves as a reference for federal, state, and local health authorities.

    Conclusions:

    • The updated CDC framework is anticipated to improve pandemic preparedness and response capabilities in the United States.
    • It offers a more nuanced understanding of pandemic progression compared to previous government stages.
    • The framework supports event-specific decision-making without being overly prescriptive.