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Correlation between tear osmolarity and tear meniscus.

Carlos García-Resúa1, Hugo Pena-Verdeal, Beatriz Remeseiro

  • 1*OD, MSc †OD, MSc, PhD ‡OD, PhD Department of Applied Physics (Optometry Group GI-2092), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain (CG-R, HP-V, MJG, EY-P); and Departamento de Computación, Universidade da Coruna, Campus de Elviña s/n, A Coruña, Spain (BR).

Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry
|September 27, 2014
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Summary

Tear osmolarity is closely linked to tear meniscus height and subjective meniscus grading, particularly in older, symptomatic individuals. These findings highlight the interplay between tear film stability and dry eye disease indicators.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology and Optometry
  • Tear Film Dynamics
  • Dry Eye Disease Research

Background:

  • The tear meniscus is crucial for tear film stability and ocular surface health.
  • Tear osmolarity is a key indicator of ocular surface dehydration and dry eye disease.
  • Objective and subjective assessments of the tear meniscus may correlate with tear film status.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between tear meniscus height (TMH) and subjective tear meniscus (TM) grading with tear osmolarity.
  • To explore how age and dry eye symptoms influence these relationships.

Main Methods:

  • 177 patients underwent tear osmolarity measurement (TearLab) and digital TM imaging.
  • Participants completed dry eye questionnaires (McMonnies, OSDI).
  • TMH was measured using NIH ImageJ; TM appearance was subjectively graded by a masked observer.

Main Results:

  • Significant correlations were found between osmolarity and TMH (r = -0.41, p < 0.001) and osmolarity and subjective TM (r = 0.35, p < 0.001).
  • Correlations were stronger in older and more symptomatic individuals.
  • Objective TMH and subjective meniscus quality were highly correlated (r = -0.75, p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Tear osmolarity is strongly associated with both objective TMH measurements and subjective meniscus assessment.
  • These correlations are particularly pronounced in older patients experiencing dry eye symptoms.
  • The study validates the use of TMH and subjective grading as indicators of tear film status related to osmolarity.