Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Fermi Level Dynamics01:12

Fermi Level Dynamics

1.1K
The vacuum level denotes the energy threshold required for an electron to escape from a material surface. It is usually positioned above the conduction band of a semiconductor and acts as a benchmark for comparing electron energies within various materials.
Electron affinity in semiconductors refers to the energy gap between the minimum of its conduction band and the vacuum level and it is a critical parameter in determining how easily a semiconductor can accept additional electrons.
The work...
1.1K
Induced Electric Dipoles01:28

Induced Electric Dipoles

4.0K
A permanent electric dipole orients itself along an external electric field. This rotation can be quantified by defining the potential energy because the external torque does work in rotating it. Then, the potential energy is minimum at the parallel configuration and maximum at the antiparallel configuration. While the former is a stable equilibrium, the latter is an unstable equilibrium.
Since the absolute value of potential energy holds no physical meaning, its zero value can be chosen as per...
4.0K
π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview01:27

π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview

1.5K
An applied magnetic field causes loosely bound π-electrons in organic molecules to circulate, producing a local or induced diamagnetic field over a large spatial volume. As the molecules tumble in solution, the field generated by π-electrons in spherical substituents results in a zero net field. However, the net field generated by π-electrons in non-spherical substituents is not zero. The effect of this induced field depends on the orientation of the molecule with respect to B0,...
1.5K
Divergence and Curl of Electric Field01:25

Divergence and Curl of Electric Field

8.2K
The divergence of a vector is a measure of how much the vector spreads out (diverges) from a point. For example, an electric field vector diverges from the positive charge and converges at the negative charge. The divergence of an electric field is derived using Gauss's law and is equal to the charge density divided by the permittivity of space. Mathematically, it is expressed as
8.2K
Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals II03:35

Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals II

36.4K
sp3d and sp3d 2 Hybridization
36.4K
Energy Associated With a Charge Distribution01:21

Energy Associated With a Charge Distribution

2.0K
The work done to bring a charge through a distance r is given by the potential difference between the initial and the final position. To assemble a collection of point charges, the total work done can be expressed in terms of the product of each pair of charges divided by their separation distance, defined with respect to a suitable origin. Solving this expression gives the energy stored in a point charge distribution.
2.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Impact of Initial Electron Localization on Electron Solvation Dynamics in Liquid Water.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026
Same author

Enhancing Vibronic-Coupling Hamiltonian Parameterization with Machine Learning: The PyVCHAM Tool.

Journal of chemical theory and computation·2026
Same author

Photochemistry in plasmonic cavities: From perturbative to strong coupling regime.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same author

Interplay between Ultrafast Electronic and Librational Dynamics in Liquid Nitrobenzene Probed with Two-Color Four-Wave Mixing.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026
Same author

Ultrafast radiation chemistry of glycine in aqueous solution.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same author

Two-state reaction path search using a quantum Monte Carlo-inspired approach.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same journal

Erratum: Bacterial Turbulence at Compressible Fluid Interfaces [Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 138301 (2026)].

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Unveiling Light-Quark Yukawa Flavor Structure via Dihadron Fragmentation at Lepton Colliders.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Adaptable Route to Fast Coherent State Transport via Bang-Bang-Bang Protocols.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Topological Transition and Emergence of Elasticity of Dislocation in Skyrmion Lattice: Beyond Kittel's Magnetic-Polar Analogy.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Pound-Drever-Hall Method for Superconducting-Qubit Readout.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Coupling a ^{73}Ge Nuclear Spin to an Electrostatically Defined Quantum Dot in Silicon.

Physical review letters·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 23, 2026

Measurement of Coherence Decay in GaMnAs Using Femtosecond Four-wave Mixing
15:58

Measurement of Coherence Decay in GaMnAs Using Femtosecond Four-wave Mixing

Published on: December 3, 2013

8.5K

Coherent electron hole dynamics near a conical intersection.

Henry Timmers1, Zheng Li2, Niranjan Shivaram1

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|September 27, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Investigating electron hole dynamics in photoionized carbon dioxide (CO2) reveals oscillations between σ and π states. This wave packet coherence diminishes over time due to thermal dephasing.

More Related Videos

Measurements of Long-range Electronic Correlations During Femtosecond Diffraction Experiments Performed on Nanocrystals of Buckminsterfullerene
08:44

Measurements of Long-range Electronic Correlations During Femtosecond Diffraction Experiments Performed on Nanocrystals of Buckminsterfullerene

Published on: August 22, 2017

9.4K
X-ray Beam Induced Current Measurements for Multi-Modal X-ray Microscopy of Solar Cells
10:16

X-ray Beam Induced Current Measurements for Multi-Modal X-ray Microscopy of Solar Cells

Published on: August 20, 2019

15.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 23, 2026

Measurement of Coherence Decay in GaMnAs Using Femtosecond Four-wave Mixing
15:58

Measurement of Coherence Decay in GaMnAs Using Femtosecond Four-wave Mixing

Published on: December 3, 2013

8.5K
Measurements of Long-range Electronic Correlations During Femtosecond Diffraction Experiments Performed on Nanocrystals of Buckminsterfullerene
08:44

Measurements of Long-range Electronic Correlations During Femtosecond Diffraction Experiments Performed on Nanocrystals of Buckminsterfullerene

Published on: August 22, 2017

9.4K
X-ray Beam Induced Current Measurements for Multi-Modal X-ray Microscopy of Solar Cells
10:16

X-ray Beam Induced Current Measurements for Multi-Modal X-ray Microscopy of Solar Cells

Published on: August 20, 2019

15.5K

Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Molecular Spectroscopy
  • Quantum Dynamics

Background:

  • Charge transfer in photoionized molecules is crucial for understanding chemical reactions.
  • The dynamics of electron holes near conical intersections are complex and underexplored.
  • Carbon dioxide (CO2) serves as a model system for studying molecular dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the real-time coherent evolution of an electron hole wave packet in photoionized CO2.
  • To explore charge transfer phenomena in complex molecular systems.
  • To understand the role of molecular vibrations in electron hole dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Ultrafast extreme ultraviolet (XUV) spectroscopy was employed.
  • Real-time dynamics of electron hole wave packets were tracked.
  • Conical intersections and molecular vibrations were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • The oscillation of electron hole density between σ and π character was resolved.
  • Coupled bending and asymmetric stretch vibrations were identified as drivers of the oscillation.
  • The mixing between electron hole configurations was quantified.
  • Wave packet coherence was observed to diminish over time due to thermal dephasing.

Conclusions:

  • Ultrafast XUV spectroscopy provides insights into electron hole dynamics in molecules.
  • Molecular vibrations play a significant role in controlling charge transfer pathways.
  • Thermal dephasing limits the coherence time of electron hole wave packets.