Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview01:24

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

984
Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
984
Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview01:20

Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview

1.7K
Inhalation anesthetics are drugs that induce general anesthesia upon inhalation. They work by increasing the sensitivity of GABAA receptors or inhibiting NMDA receptors, leading to a decrease in central nervous system activity. The depth of anesthesia can be rapidly adjusted by changing the concentration of the inhaled gas. Some common examples of inhalational anesthetics include volatile liquids like isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane and gases like xenon and nitrous oxide. Isoflurane, a...
1.7K
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

924
Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
924
General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

General Anesthesia: Overview

1.1K
Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
1.1K
Stages of General Anesthesia01:22

Stages of General Anesthesia

2.5K
Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...
2.5K
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

394
In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses...
394

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Stress During Virtual Reality and High-Fidelity Simulation in Anesthesia Trainees: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Simulation in healthcare : journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare·2026
Same author

Immersive virtual reality versus high-fidelity simulation to teach anesthesiology nontechnical skills: a randomized controlled noninferiority trial.

Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie·2026
Same author

Does Preoperative Screening Reduce Anxiety in Children? Insights From the PaedIatric caNcellation ratEs And PerioPerative clinicaL Evaluation (PINEAPPLE) Study.

Paediatric anaesthesia·2026
Same author

Oxygen strategies in pediatric sedation: a clinical and statistical reassessment.

Translational pediatrics·2026
Same author

Force Metrics During the Boyle-Davis Gag in Children Undergoing Adenotonsillectomy.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Remimazolam and Emergence Delirium in Children: Encouraging Signals, Incomplete Certainty.

Paediatric anaesthesia·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 23, 2026

Use of a Piglet Model for the Study of Anesthetic-induced Developmental Neurotoxicity AIDN: A Translational Neuroscience Approach
06:38

Use of a Piglet Model for the Study of Anesthetic-induced Developmental Neurotoxicity AIDN: A Translational Neuroscience Approach

Published on: June 11, 2017

11.7K

Rapid sequence induction has no use in pediatric anesthesia.

Thomas Engelhardt1

  • 1Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Aberdeen Children's Hospital, Aberdeen, UK.

Paediatric Anaesthesia
|October 1, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Rapid sequence induction and intubation (RSII) is a critical anesthesia technique. However, its direct application in pediatric anesthesia poses significant risks and is not recommended without modifications.

Keywords:
childrenrapid sequence inductionsafe anesthesia

More Related Videos

Assessing Changes in Volatile General Anesthetic Sensitivity of Mice after Local or Systemic Pharmacological Intervention
08:49

Assessing Changes in Volatile General Anesthetic Sensitivity of Mice after Local or Systemic Pharmacological Intervention

Published on: October 16, 2013

13.5K
Guidelines for Elective Pediatric Fiberoptic Intubation
11:19

Guidelines for Elective Pediatric Fiberoptic Intubation

Published on: January 17, 2011

17.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 23, 2026

Use of a Piglet Model for the Study of Anesthetic-induced Developmental Neurotoxicity AIDN: A Translational Neuroscience Approach
06:38

Use of a Piglet Model for the Study of Anesthetic-induced Developmental Neurotoxicity AIDN: A Translational Neuroscience Approach

Published on: June 11, 2017

11.7K
Assessing Changes in Volatile General Anesthetic Sensitivity of Mice after Local or Systemic Pharmacological Intervention
08:49

Assessing Changes in Volatile General Anesthetic Sensitivity of Mice after Local or Systemic Pharmacological Intervention

Published on: October 16, 2013

13.5K
Guidelines for Elective Pediatric Fiberoptic Intubation
11:19

Guidelines for Elective Pediatric Fiberoptic Intubation

Published on: January 17, 2011

17.5K

Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Pediatric Anesthesia
  • Patient Safety

Background:

  • Rapid sequence induction and intubation (RSII) is a standard procedure to prevent pulmonary aspiration during anesthesia.
  • The technique involves specific drugs and methods to minimize risks associated with gastric content aspiration.
  • Patient safety during anesthesia induction is paramount, especially in vulnerable populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically review the application of classic rapid sequence induction and intubation (RSII) in pediatric anesthesia.
  • To identify potential dangers and contraindications of using RSII without modifications in children.
  • To propose alternative, safer anesthesia induction methods for pediatric patients at risk of aspiration.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies and guidelines on rapid sequence induction and intubation.
  • Analysis of the physiological differences between adult and pediatric patients relevant to anesthesia induction.
  • Evaluation of case reports and adverse events associated with RSII in pediatric practice.

Main Results:

  • The classic RSII technique, while fundamental in adult anesthesia, presents significant dangers when directly applied to pediatric patients.
  • Pediatric patients have unique physiological characteristics that make them more susceptible to the adverse effects of standard RSII.
  • The 'classic' form of RSII is deemed unsuitable and potentially harmful for pediatric anesthesia practice without substantial modifications.

Conclusions:

  • Rapid sequence induction and intubation (RSII) in its classic form is not appropriate for pediatric anesthesia.
  • A controlled anesthesia induction approach, tailored to pediatric physiology and administered by trained pediatric anesthesiologists, is recommended for at-risk children.
  • Modifications and specialized techniques are necessary for safe anesthesia induction in pediatric patients requiring aspiration precautions.