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Related Concept Videos

Holter Monitor: 24-Hour Monitoring01:23

Holter Monitor: 24-Hour Monitoring

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Holter monitoring is a continuous electrocardiography (ECG) recording that tracks the heart's electrical activity over an extended period, generally 24 to 48 hours. This noninvasive diagnostic tool detects irregular heart rhythms that may not be captured during a standard ECG performed in a clinical setting.DeviceThe Holter monitor is a portable, small device connected to several electrodes on the patient's chest. These electrodes detect the heart's electrical signals and transmit them to the...
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Electrocardiogram01:29

Electrocardiogram

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An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a critical diagnostic tool that records the electrical signals produced by the heart during each heartbeat. This recording is achieved through electrodes placed strategically on the arms, legs, and chest. The electrocardiograph amplifies these signals and produces 12 distinct tracings, offering a comprehensive understanding of the heart's electrical activity.
Three major waveforms are present in a typical ECG recording: the P wave, the QRS complex, and...
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Electrocardiogram Fundamentals01:28

Electrocardiogram Fundamentals

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Introduction
An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a diagnostic tool for identifying cardiac conditions such as arrhythmias, conduction abnormalities, and myocardial ischemia.
Definition
An electrocardiogram (ECG) visualizes the heart's electrical activity by tracing the electrical movement associated with each heartbeat on a graph or monitor. As the heart beats, an electrical wave passes through it, correlating with the cardiac cycle events.
Parts of an ECG
An ECG utilizes electrodes on the skin...
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Pulse rhythm01:30

Pulse rhythm

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Pulse rhythm refers to the pattern of pulsations within specific intervals, offering valuable insights into the regularity or irregularity of the heart's beats as observed through the pattern of pulsation within specific intervals. A regular pulse exhibits a consistent heart rate with uniform waveforms and pulsation force, variations of which can be classified as normal, weak, or bounding.
Conversely, an irregular pulse pattern is termed dysrhythmia, stemming from disruptions in cardiac...
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ECG Interpretation of Rhythms01:24

ECG Interpretation of Rhythms

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An electrocardiogram (ECG)graphically represents the heart's electrical activity on ECG paper or a monitor.
Components of the Electrocardiogram
The primary components of a normal ECG waveform in Normal sinus rhythm(NSR) include the P wave, PR interval, QRS complex, ST segment, T wave, and occasionally a U wave.
ECG waveforms are divided by vertical and horizontal lines at standard intervals.
The horizontal axis measures time and rate, and the vertical axis measures amplitude or voltage....
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System I:Echocardiography01:17

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System I:Echocardiography

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Cardiac imaging studies encompass a wide range of noninvasive and minimally invasive techniques designed to visualize the heart's structure and function in detail. One such technique is echocardiography, which uses high-frequency ultrasound waves to produce detailed images of the heart, known as echocardiograms.
Indications: Echocardiography is utilized to diagnose heart failure, valve disorders, and myocardial infarction. It also assesses cardiac structures' size, shape, and motion,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 23, 2026

Patient Directed Recording of a Bipolar Three-Lead Electrocardiogram using a Smartwatch with ECG Function
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Patient Directed Recording of a Bipolar Three-Lead Electrocardiogram using a Smartwatch with ECG Function

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Surface 12 lead electrocardiogram recordings using smart phone technology.

Giselle A Baquero1, Javier E Banchs2, Shameer Ahmed1

  • 1Penn State Hershey Heart & Vascular Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State University, Hershey, PA.

Journal of Electrocardiology
|October 7, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Smartphone technology can now create a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). This feasibility trial showed smartphone-generated ECGs matched standard interpretations, suggesting a potential clinical tool.

Keywords:
12 leadAliveCor ECGElectrocardiogramSmart phone ECG

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cardiology
  • Digital Health

Background:

  • The proliferation of smartphones and health applications has increased mobile health technology adoption.
  • AliveCor ECG is an FDA-approved device for ambulatory cardiac rhythm monitoring using a single-lead ECG via iPhone.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the feasibility of generating a 12-lead ECG using the AliveCor monitor with smartphone technology.
  • To evaluate the diagnostic equivalence of smartphone-generated 12-lead ECGs compared to standard 12-lead ECGs.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the AliveCor heart monitor connected to an iPhone and the AliveECG application.
  • Conducted recordings on 5 human participants.

Main Results:

  • Interpretations of standard 12-lead ECGs and AliveCor-generated 12-lead ECGs were identical across all 5 participants.
  • Demonstrated the feasibility of smartphone-based 12-lead ECG acquisition.

Conclusions:

  • Smartphone technology can feasibly generate a 12-lead ECG.
  • The validity of these recordings suggests potential for clinical application.
  • Further development and validation are recommended for this handheld device.