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Engineered yeast for enhanced CO2 mineralization.

Roberto Barbero1, Lino Carnelli2, Anna Simon3

  • 1Department of Biological Engineering, The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 32 Vassar Street, Building 76-561, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Tel: +1 617 324 3400.

Energy & Environmental Science
|October 8, 2014
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study developed a biologically catalyzed carbon dioxide (CO2) mineralization process for efficient CO2 capture. The optimized process using yeast and fly ash is approximately 10% more cost-effective than conventional methods.

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Carbon dioxide (CO2) capture from point sources is crucial for mitigating climate change.
  • Biological catalysts offer potential for enhancing CO2 mineralization efficiency.
  • Industrial-scale application of biological CO2 capture requires cost-effective and scalable solutions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design, construct, and evaluate a biologically catalyzed CO2 mineralization process at laboratory and industrial scales.
  • To screen and optimize biological components for enhanced CO2 hydration and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) mineralization.
  • To assess the economic viability of the developed process compared to existing CO2 capture technologies.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a yeast display system in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for screening carbonic anhydrase isoforms and mineralization peptides.
  • Quantitatively measured enhanced rates of CO2 hydration, CaCO3 mineralization, and particle settling.
  • Modeled and evaluated the industrial-scale CO2 capture cost using coal fly ash as the CaO source.

Main Results:

  • Identified specific carbonic anhydrase and peptide combinations that significantly enhanced CO2 mineralization steps.
  • A process using bCA2-yeast and fly ash demonstrated a ~10% cost advantage per ton of CO2 captured compared to non-biological processes.
  • Calculated levelized cost of electricity for power plants incorporating this CO2 capture technology.

Conclusions:

  • Biologically enhanced CO2 mineralization offers a cost-effective solution for CO2 capture from point sources.
  • The developed process shows potential for competing with established methods like MEA absorption.
  • Further scale-up and integration into power generation are feasible and economically promising.