Three new limonoids from Azadirachta indica

Area of Science:

• Natural Product Chemistry
• Phytochemistry
• Organic Chemistry

Background:

• Azadirachta indica (Neem) is a medicinal plant with a rich history of traditional use.
• Limonoids are a class of naturally occurring compounds with diverse biological activities.
• The chemical constituents of Azadirachta indica continue to be a subject of research interest.

Purpose of the Study:

• To isolate and characterize new limonoid compounds from Azadirachta indica.
• To identify known limonoid analogs present in the same plant source.
• To contribute to the understanding of the phytochemical diversity of Azadirachta indica.

Main Methods:

• Extraction of compounds from fresh fruit coats of Azadirachta indica.
• Isolation of three new limonoids (azadiraindins E-G) and six known analogs.
• Structure elucidation using comprehensive spectroscopic methods, including IR, MS, HR-ESI-MS, 1D NMR, and 2D NMR.

Main Results:

• Identification of three previously undescribed limonoids, designated azadiraindins E-G.
• Confirmation of the presence of six known limonoid analogs.
• Detailed structural characterization of all isolated compounds.

Conclusions:

• The study successfully identified novel and known limonoids from Azadirachta indica.
• The findings expand the known chemical profile of Azadirachta indica.
• Spectroscopic methods proved effective for the structural elucidation of these complex natural products.