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Related Concept Videos

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Hybridoma Technology

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Hybridoma technology is used for the large-scale production of monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies bind to only a single antigenic determinant or epitope. Such antibodies are used in research, diagnostics, and disease therapy. The hybridoma technology established in 1975 by Georges Köhler and Cesar Milstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1984 for revolutionizing research and therapy.
Hybridoma Selection
Commonly used fusion techniques — electroporation,...
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Multispecific monoclonal antibodies.

S Ghosh1, A M Campbell

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Monoclonal antibodies can unexpectedly cross-react with different antigens due to antibody binding capacity, not just epitope similarity. Strategies focus on selecting antibodies with high affinity and minimal cross-reactivity for reliable antigen studies.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) can exhibit unexpected cross-reactions with dissimilar antigens.
  • These interactions often stem from antibody's additional binding capacity rather than shared epitopes.
  • High epitope density and antibody multivalency can amplify weak interactions via local concentration effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review strategies for selecting monoclonal antibodies.
  • To maximize antibody affinity for target antigens.
  • To minimize unintended antibody cross-reactivity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on antibody-antigen interactions.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to cross-reactions.
  • Discussion of antibody selection criteria.

Main Results:

  • The majority of observed cross-reactions are attributed to irrelevant interactions.
  • Antibody multivalency and high antigen epitope density are key factors amplifying spurious interactions.
  • Low intrinsic affinity interactions can become significant due to local concentration effects.

Conclusions:

  • Careful selection of monoclonal antibodies is crucial for accurate antigen studies.
  • Prioritizing high affinity and low cross-reactivity ensures experimental reliability.
  • Understanding cross-reaction mechanisms aids in developing more specific antibody reagents.