Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

13.5K
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
13.5K
Protein Glycosylation01:25

Protein Glycosylation

8.2K
Glycosylation, the most common post-translational modification for proteins, serves diverse functions. Adding sugars to proteins makes the proteins more resistant to proteolytic digestion. Glycosylated proteins can act as markers and receptors to promote cell-cell adhesion. Additionally, they have many essential quality control functions in the cell, such as correct protein folding and facilitating transport of misfolded proteins to the cytosol, which can be degraded.
Glycosylation occurs in...
8.2K
Oligosaccharide Assembly01:24

Oligosaccharide Assembly

2.6K
Protein glycosylation starts in the ER lumen and continues in the Golgi apparatus. Glycosyltransferases catalyze the addition of sugar molecules or glycosylation of proteins. Usually, these enzymes add sugars to the hydroxyl groups of selected serine or threonine residues to form O-linked glycans or the amino groups of asparagine residues to form N-linked glycans. Different positions on the same polypeptide chain can contain differently linked glycans.
Multiple sugar molecules that may or may...
2.6K
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

1.7K
An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...
1.7K
Proteoglycans01:05

Proteoglycans

4.0K
Glycans, a class of complex heterogeneous molecules, can be covalently attached to proteins to form glycosylated proteins that regulate various physiological and pathological processes. Glycosylated proteins or glycoproteins comprise N-linked and O-linked oligosaccharides. O-glycosylation is the most common type of protein glycosylation. Here, glycans attach to the oxygen atom of the hydroxyl groups of Serine or Threonine residues. O-linked glycosylation occurs later in protein processing,...
4.0K
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

63.9K
Overview
63.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The interaction of the Chrna5 D398N variant with developmental nicotine exposure.

Genes, brain, and behavior·2018
Same author

The influence of platelet membranes on tumour cell behaviour.

Cancer metastasis reviews·2017
Same author

Islet heparan sulfate but not heparan sulfate proteoglycan core protein is lost during islet isolation and undergoes recovery post-islet transplantation.

American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons·2015
Same author

Presence of receptors for self MHC antigens on non-T cells.

Immunology today·2014
Same author

Gibberellic acid and abscisic acid modulate protein synthesis and mRNA levels in barley aleurone layers.

Plant molecular biology·2013
Same author

Abscisic-acid and gibberellin action in developing kernels of triticale (cv. 6A190).

Planta·2013
Same journal

Foreword.

Immunology today·2020
Same journal

The origin and significance of anti-DNA antibodies.

Immunology today·2014
Same journal

Mutations of class II MHC molecules.

Immunology today·2014
Same journal

Antigen processing at the molecular level.

Immunology today·2014
Same journal

Phenotypically and functionally distinct T-cell subsets in anti-tumor responses.

Immunology today·2014
Same journal

Are MHC class II-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes important?

Immunology today·2014
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 22, 2026

Preparation of CD4+ T Cells for Analysis of GD3 and GD2 Ganglioside Membrane Expression by Microscopy
10:00

Preparation of CD4+ T Cells for Analysis of GD3 and GD2 Ganglioside Membrane Expression by Microscopy

Published on: November 8, 2016

8.1K

Glycosyltransferases and T-cell recognition.

C R Parish1, H C O'Neill1, T J Higgins2

  • 1Department of Microbiology, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, A.C.T., Australia, 2601.

Immunology Today
|October 8, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The AIIIC locus influences carbohydrate and protein antigens. Researchers hypothesize that enzymes building these antigens may play a role in T-cell recognition.

More Related Videos

Generation of Null Mutants to Elucidate the Role of Bacterial Glycosyltransferases in Bacterial Motility
12:29

Generation of Null Mutants to Elucidate the Role of Bacterial Glycosyltransferases in Bacterial Motility

Published on: March 11, 2022

2.1K
Extraction of Tissue Antigens for Functional Assays
08:32

Extraction of Tissue Antigens for Functional Assays

Published on: September 10, 2012

10.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 22, 2026

Preparation of CD4+ T Cells for Analysis of GD3 and GD2 Ganglioside Membrane Expression by Microscopy
10:00

Preparation of CD4+ T Cells for Analysis of GD3 and GD2 Ganglioside Membrane Expression by Microscopy

Published on: November 8, 2016

8.1K
Generation of Null Mutants to Elucidate the Role of Bacterial Glycosyltransferases in Bacterial Motility
12:29

Generation of Null Mutants to Elucidate the Role of Bacterial Glycosyltransferases in Bacterial Motility

Published on: March 11, 2022

2.1K
Extraction of Tissue Antigens for Functional Assays
08:32

Extraction of Tissue Antigens for Functional Assays

Published on: September 10, 2012

10.5K

Area of Science:

  • Immunogenetics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Glycobiology

Background:

  • The AIIIC locus is implicated in controlling both carbohydrate and protein histocompatibility antigens.
  • Histocompatibility antigens are crucial for immune system function, particularly in transplantation and immune response.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the molecular and genetic implications of the AIIIC locus controlling diverse antigen families.
  • To propose a hypothesis regarding the role of specific enzymes in T-cell recognition of carbohydrate antigens.

Main Methods:

  • Review and discussion of recent genetic and molecular studies on the AIIIC locus.
  • Hypothesis generation based on existing data regarding enzyme function and antigen structure.

Main Results:

  • The AIIIC locus appears to regulate a broader range of antigens than previously understood, including carbohydrate-based structures.
  • Identification of glycosyltransferase enzymes as potential key players in the synthesis of these carbohydrate antigens.

Conclusions:

  • The findings suggest a complex role for the AIIIC locus in immune recognition.
  • The hypothesis posits that glycosyltransferase enzymes involved in constructing carbohydrate histocompatibility antigens may be directly involved in T-cell recognition pathways.