[Surgical treatment progress of myopic strabismus fixus by Yokoyama's surgery]

Highly myopic strabismus, also known as 'heavy eye syndrome' or 'myopic strabismus fixus', is an acquired restrictive strabismus occurred in patients with pathologic myopia. Patients often manifest extreme esotropia, hypotropia and restrictive ocular motility.Recession of medial rectus and resection of lateral rectus, even dis-insertion of medial rectus surgery often have limited effect in the severe high myopia strabismus, and susceptible to recur postoperatively.In the European strabismus meeting of 2001, Yokoyama first proposed a new surgical idea, he suggested to union the lateral rectus and superior rectus together, and use it as a muscle pulley to push the herniated eyeball back into the muscle cone. After that, a series of studies focused on the specific surgical operation methods. The objective of this article is to review recent research progress of highly myopic strabismus surgery, in order to give some recommendations for the improvement of surgical treatment.