Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Plane Electromagnetic Waves I01:30

Plane Electromagnetic Waves I

3.9K
The existence of combined electric and magnetic fields that propagate through space as electromagnetic (EM) waves is the most significant prediction of Maxwell's equations. As Maxwell's equations hold in free space, the predicted electromagnetic waves do not require a medium for their propagation. An EM wave comprises an electric field, defined as the force per charge on a stationary charge, and a magnetic field, which is the force per charge on a moving charge.
The EM field is assumed to be a...
3.9K
Electromagnetic Wave Equation01:24

Electromagnetic Wave Equation

2.6K
Maxwell's equations for electromagnetic fields are related to source charges, either static or moving. These fields act on a test charge, whose trajectory can thus be determined using suitable boundary conditions. The objective of electromagnetism is thus theoretically complete.
However, although electric and magnetic fields were first introduced as mathematical constructs to simplify the description of mutual forces between charges, a natural question emerges from Maxwell's equations:...
2.6K
Dual Nature of Electromagnetic (EM) Radiation01:10

Dual Nature of Electromagnetic (EM) Radiation

4.4K
Electromagnetic (EM) radiation consists of electric and magnetic field components oscillating in planes perpendicular to each other and mutually perpendicular to radiation propagation through space. EM radiation can be classified as a wave, characterized by the properties of waves such as wavelength (denoted as λ) and frequency (represented by ν).
Wavelength is the distance between two consecutive peaks (the highest point) or troughs (the lowest point) in the wave. Frequency is the...
4.4K
Electromagnetic Waves in Matter01:30

Electromagnetic Waves in Matter

2.8K
Electromagnetic waves can travel in the vacuum as well as in matter. For example light, which is an electromagnetic wave, can travel through air, water, or glass.
Consider the electromagnetic wave passing through a dielectric medium. In such a case, Maxwell's equations get modified. In Ampere's law, ε0 , the dielectric permittivity of free space is replaced with ε, the permittivity of dielectric. Also, the vacuum permeability μ0 is replaced by the permeability of the medium,...
2.8K
The de Broglie Wavelength02:32

The de Broglie Wavelength

25.5K
In the macroscopic world, objects that are large enough to be seen by the naked eye follow the rules of classical physics. A billiard ball moving on a table will behave like a particle; it will continue traveling in a straight line unless it collides with another ball, or it is acted on by some other force, such as friction. The ball has a well-defined position and velocity or well-defined momentum, p = mv, which is defined by mass m and velocity v at any given moment. This is the typical...
25.5K
Electromagnetic Fields01:30

Electromagnetic Fields

1.7K
Electric fields generated by static charges, often referred to as electrostatic fields, are characteristically different from electric fields created by time-varying magnetic fields. While the former is a conservative field, implying that no net work is done on a test charge if it goes around in a complete loop in the field, the latter is, by definition, not a conservative field; net work is done, and it is proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux.
However, the observation of...
1.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Electromagnetic generalized Schell-model vortex beams.

Optics express·2025
Same author

Fourier hybrid circular Airy vortex beam.

Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision·2025
Same author

Convolutional-neural-network-assisted parameter identification in elliptical Airy vortex beams.

Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision·2025
Same author

Dual-Laguerre Gaussian pseudo-Schell model beams.

Optics express·2025
Same author

Association of weight-adjusted waist index with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a national population-based cohort study.

BMC cardiovascular disorders·2025
Same author

Electromagnetic multi-sinc Schell-model beams and their statistical characteristics.

Optics express·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 22, 2026

Controlled Synthesis and Fluorescence Tracking of Highly Uniform PolyN-isopropylacrylamide Microgels
11:34

Controlled Synthesis and Fluorescence Tracking of Highly Uniform PolyN-isopropylacrylamide Microgels

Published on: September 8, 2016

9.6K

Electromagnetic sinc Schell-model beams and their statistical properties.

Zhangrong Mei, Yonghua Mao

    Optics Express
    |October 17, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    New electromagnetic sources with sinc Schell-model correlations generate unique beams. These beams maintain a double-layer flat-top profile in the far field, ideal for laser processing applications.

    More Related Videos

    The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry
    12:14

    The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry

    Published on: August 12, 2013

    22.6K
    Measurements of Long-range Electronic Correlations During Femtosecond Diffraction Experiments Performed on Nanocrystals of Buckminsterfullerene
    08:44

    Measurements of Long-range Electronic Correlations During Femtosecond Diffraction Experiments Performed on Nanocrystals of Buckminsterfullerene

    Published on: August 22, 2017

    9.4K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Apr 22, 2026

    Controlled Synthesis and Fluorescence Tracking of Highly Uniform PolyN-isopropylacrylamide Microgels
    11:34

    Controlled Synthesis and Fluorescence Tracking of Highly Uniform PolyN-isopropylacrylamide Microgels

    Published on: September 8, 2016

    9.6K
    The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry
    12:14

    The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry

    Published on: August 12, 2013

    22.6K
    Measurements of Long-range Electronic Correlations During Femtosecond Diffraction Experiments Performed on Nanocrystals of Buckminsterfullerene
    08:44

    Measurements of Long-range Electronic Correlations During Femtosecond Diffraction Experiments Performed on Nanocrystals of Buckminsterfullerene

    Published on: August 22, 2017

    9.4K

    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Electromagnetism
    • Laser Physics

    Background:

    • Electromagnetic beams are crucial for various applications.
    • Understanding beam propagation in different media is essential.
    • Schell-model sources offer controllable statistical properties.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • Introduce a new class of electromagnetic sources with sinc Schell-model correlations.
    • Investigate the generation of physical beams from these sources.
    • Analyze the propagation characteristics of generated beams in free space and turbulent atmosphere.

    Main Methods:

    • Derivation of conditions for generating physical beams.
    • Application of the weighted superposition method.
    • Numerical simulations to study beam evolution.
    • Analysis of non-Kolmogorov atmospheric turbulence models.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully introduced electromagnetic sources with sinc Schell-model correlations.
    • Derived conditions for physical beam generation.
    • Demonstrated unique intensity distributions and a shape-invariant double-layer flat-top profile in the far field for generated beams.
    • Analyzed the impact of atmospheric turbulence on beam statistical properties.

    Conclusions:

    • The novel sinc Schell-model sources produce beams with unique far-field properties.
    • The double-layer flat-top profile is invariant in the far field, suitable for laser processing.
    • Atmospheric turbulence significantly influences beam statistical properties, requiring detailed analysis.