The evolution and development of an instrument to measure essential professional nursing practices

Marlene Kramer1, Barbara B Brewer, Diana Halfer

  • 1Author Affiliations: President (Dr Kramer), Health Science Research Associates, Apache Junction, Arizona; Associate Professor (Dr Brewer), College of Nursing, The University of Arizona, Tucson; Administrator (Ms Halfer), Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Illinois; Executive Director (Dr Hnatiuk), Academy of Medical-Surgical Nurses, Medical-Surgical Nursing Certification Board, Pitman, New Jersey; Associate Professor (Dr MacPhee), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Vice President (Ms Schmalenberg), Health Science Research Associates, Tahoe City, California.

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