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Updated: Apr 21, 2026

Real-Time DC-dynamic Biasing Method for Switching Time Improvement in Severely Underdamped Fringing-field Electrostatic MEMS Actuators
Published on: August 15, 2014
Model-Based, Closed-Loop Control of PZT Creep for Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy
A D McCartt1, T J Ognibene2, G Bench2
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, USA ; Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Lab, USA.
Abstract:
Cavity ring-down spectrometers typically employ a PZT stack to modulate the cavity transmission spectrum. While PZTs ease instrument complexity and aid measurement sensitivity, PZT hysteresis hinders the implementation of cavity-length-stabilized, data-acquisition routines. Once the cavity length is stabilized, the cavity's free spectral range imparts extreme linearity and precision to the measured spectrum's wavelength axis. Methods such as frequency-stabilized cavity ring-down spectroscopy have successfully mitigated PZT hysteresis, but their complexity limits commercial applications. Described herein is a single-laser, model-based, closed-loop method for cavity length control.
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