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Updated: Apr 20, 2026

Fabrication and Characterization of Superconducting Resonators
Published on: May 21, 2016
Frequency comb generation in superconducting resonators
R P Erickson1, M R Vissers1, M Sandberg1
1National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA.
Abstract:
We have generated frequency combs spanning 0.5 to 20 GHz in superconducting λ/2 resonators at T=3 K. Thin films of niobium-titanium nitride enabled this development due to their low loss, high nonlinearity, low frequency dispersion, and high critical temperature. The combs nucleate as sidebands around multiples of the pump frequency. Selection rules for the allowed frequency emission are calculated using perturbation theory, and the measured spectrum is shown to agree with the theory. Sideband spacing is measured to be accurate to 1 part in 10(8). The sidebands coalesce into a continuous comb structure observed to cover at least several frequency octaves.
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