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Related Concept Videos

Design Example: Capacitance Multiplier Circuit01:20

Design Example: Capacitance Multiplier Circuit

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In integrated circuit technology, a capacitance multiplier is often utilized to produce a larger capacitance value when a small physical capacitance falls short. This is achieved by a circuit that multiplies capacitance values by a factor of up to 1000, such that a 10-pF capacitor can replicate the performance of a 100-nF capacitor.
The circuit illustrated in Figure 1 below incorporates two op-amps, with the first operating as a voltage follower and the second acting as an inverting amplifier.
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MOSFET Amplifiers01:17

MOSFET Amplifiers

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The MOSFET, when operating in its active region, functions as a voltage-controlled current source. In this region, the gate-to-source voltage controls the drain current. This principle underlies the operation of the transconductance MOSFET amplifier. The output current is directed through a load resistor to convert this amplifier into a voltage amplifier. The output voltage is then obtained by subtracting the voltage drop across the load resistance from the supply voltage. This process results...
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MOSFET: Enhancement Mode01:22

MOSFET: Enhancement Mode

1.1K
Enhancement-mode MOSFETs are pivotal components in electronics, distinguished by their capacity to act as highly efficient switches. They are part of the larger family of metal-oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors (MOSFETs). They are available in two types: p-channel and n-channel, each tailored to specific polarity operations.
In their basic form, enhancement-mode MOSFETs are typically non-conductive when the gate-source voltage (Vgs) is zero. This default 'off' state means no...
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Updated: Apr 20, 2026

Low-cost Custom Fabrication and Mode-locked Operation of an All-normal-dispersion Femtosecond Fiber Laser for Multiphoton Microscopy
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Few-mode multi-element fiber amplifier for mode division multiplexing.

S Jain, Y Jung, T C May-Smith

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    |November 18, 2014
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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study demonstrates a novel fiber amplifier with multiple signal fibers for enhanced performance. It achieved significant gain, paving the way for advanced optical amplification systems.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Fiber Optics Technology
    • Laser Amplification

    Background:

    • Cladding-pumped fiber amplifiers offer high power and efficiency.
    • Multi-element fibers enable multiplexing of optical signals.
    • Erbium/Ytterbium co-doping is a standard for 1550 nm amplification.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To experimentally demonstrate a few-moded cladding-pumped multi-element fiber amplifier.
    • To investigate the gain performance and modal properties of such a device.
    • To assess its potential for wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) signal amplification.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of a multi-element fiber comprising 4 Er/Yb co-doped signal fibers and 1 multimode pump fiber within a common polymer coating.
    • Experimental setup for cladding-pumping the amplifier.
    • Characterization of WDM signal gain and differential modal gain across the 1542-1560 nm spectral range.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstration of a few-moded cladding-pumped multi-element fiber amplifier with a total spatial path multiplicity of 12.
    • Achieved an average WDM signal gain of 18.3 dB.
    • Measured a differential modal gain of 1.1 dB in the 1542-1560 nm spectral range.

    Conclusions:

    • The demonstrated fiber amplifier architecture is effective for achieving high gain in a multi-element configuration.
    • The results show potential for advanced optical communication systems requiring high-capacity amplification.
    • Further research could explore optimizing modal properties for even better performance.