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Updated: Apr 20, 2026

Measurement of the Hepatic Venous Pressure Gradient and Transjugular Liver Biopsy

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Published on: June 18, 2020

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt.

Kavish R Patidar¹, Malcolm Sydnor², Arun J Sanyal³

¹Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University Hospital, 1200 East Broad Street, MCV Box 980342, Richmond, VA 23298-0342, USA.

Clinics in Liver Disease

|December 2, 2014

Summary

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) improves outcomes for portal hypertension complications like bleeding and ascites. Enhanced stent technology has boosted shunt patency, necessitating a review of TIPS utility and techniques.

Keywords:

Ascites Budd-Chiari syndrome Esophageal varices Hepatic hydrothorax Hepatopulmonary syndrome Hepatorenal syndrome Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt Venoocclusive disease

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Area of Science:

Hepatology
Interventional Radiology
Gastroenterology

Background:

Portal hypertension complications significantly impact patient outcomes.
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is a key intervention for managing these complications.
Evidence supports TIPS for variceal bleeding and ascites, with consideration for other conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

To reassess the utility of Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS).
To review the management of complications associated with TIPS.
To enhance understanding of various TIPS techniques and their impact on outcomes.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature and clinical evidence on TIPS procedures.
Analysis of outcomes associated with different stent types, particularly polytetrafluoroethylene-covered stents.
Evaluation of indications and contraindications for TIPS.

Main Results:

Polytetrafluoroethylene-covered stents have significantly improved shunt patency compared to bare metal stents.
Improved shunt patency correlates with better patient outcomes.
TIPS remains a critical procedure for specific, severe complications of portal hypertension.

Conclusions:

The advancement in stent technology has revitalized the role of TIPS.
A comprehensive understanding of TIPS techniques and complication management is crucial for optimizing patient care.
Further evaluation of TIPS utility in diverse clinical scenarios is warranted.