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Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
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Sensory impulses related to touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception from various body parts, such as the limbs, trunk, neck, and posterior head, travel to the cerebral cortex through the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. The pathway’s name derives from the two white-matter tracts that convey the impulses: the spinal cord's posterior column and the brainstem's medial lemniscus. First-order sensory neurons extend their axons into the spinal cord, forming the...
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Nervous tissue is a vital component of the human body's communication system, enabling us to perceive and respond to stimuli. However, like all other tissues, it is vulnerable to disorders and diseases that can significantly impact our neurological functioning.
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Early Ischemia and Ionic ImbalanceWithin minutes of spinal cord injury, a secondary cascade begins, progressing over hours to weeks. Vascular damage reduces blood flow, causing ischemia and mitochondrial dysfunction. ATP depletion leads to ion pump failure, membrane depolarization, sodium influx, potassium efflux, and water accumulation, resulting in cellular swelling. Increased intracellular calcium further disrupts mitochondria and accelerates cellular injury.Excitotoxicity and Neuronal...
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A Standardized Pipeline for Examining Human Cerebellar Grey Matter Morphometry using Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Multiple sclerosis and the cerebellum.

Leticia Tornes1, Brittani Conway2, William Sheremata1

  • 1Clinical Neurology, University of Miami, MS Center of Excellence, 1150 Northwest 14th Street, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Department of Neurology, Multiple Sclerosis Center of Excellence, Miller School of Medicine, Clinical Research Building, 13th Floor, 1120 Northwest 14th Street, Miami, FL 33136, USA.

Neurologic Clinics
|December 3, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease affecting the brain and spinal cord. Early cerebellar signs, particularly tremor, predict disability and disease progression in MS patients.

Keywords:
CerebellarClinically isolated syndromeDisabilityMRIMultiple sclerosisNystagmusTremor

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroimmunology
  • Clinical Neuroscience

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system.
  • MS is characterized by unpredictable symptoms and varying severity.
  • Cerebellar involvement is a significant aspect of MS pathology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the clinical significance of cerebellar manifestations in Multiple Sclerosis.
  • To emphasize the role of early cerebellar findings as predictors of disease progression.
  • To identify the most prevalent cerebellar symptom in MS patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical data and neurological examinations of MS patients.
  • Analysis of the temporal relationship between cerebellar signs and disease progression.
  • Statistical evaluation of the frequency of different cerebellar manifestations.

Main Results:

  • Cerebellar manifestations can occur at any stage of Multiple Sclerosis.
  • Early detection of cerebellar signs is associated with increased disability and faster disease progression.
  • Tremor is the most frequently observed cerebellar finding among MS patients.

Conclusions:

  • Cerebellar involvement is a critical component in the clinical course of Multiple Sclerosis.
  • Monitoring for cerebellar signs, especially tremor, is essential for predicting MS prognosis.
  • Early identification and management of cerebellar symptoms may impact long-term outcomes in MS.