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Related Concept Videos

Pneumothorax-II01:27

Pneumothorax-II

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Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:
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Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy01:30

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Endoscopy is a non-surgical medical technique used to examine a person's internal organs and vessels. This lesson will focus on two types of endoscopic studies: bronchoscopy and thoracoscopy.
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Bronchoscopy is a procedure that involves direct visualization of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. A flexible fiber optic or rigid bronchoscope is used to carry out the procedure. The fiber-optic bronchoscope is more frequently used due...
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Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation01:17

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In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...
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Pulmonary Function Tests01:25

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Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs)
Pulmonary Function Tests are crucial diagnostic tools for assessing respiratory function, particularly in patients with chronic respiratory disorders. They comprehensively evaluate lung volumes, ventilatory function, breathing mechanics, diffusion, and gas exchange. These tests help diagnose pulmonary diseases and play a significant role in monitoring disease progression, evaluating disability, and assessing response to therapy.
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Pneumothorax II: Pathophysiology01:08

Pneumothorax II: Pathophysiology

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Pneumothorax means the presence of air in the pleural space — the thin potential gap between the visceral and parietal pleura. This condition disrupts the normal pressure balance that keeps the lungs inflated, leading to partial or complete collapse of the affected lung.Normal physiologyUnder normal conditions, the pleural space maintains a slightly negative intrapleural pressure, which keeps the lungs expanded against the chest wall. This negative pressure creates a delicate balance...
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Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management01:28

Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management

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Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction who remain symptomatic despite optimal medical therapy may undergo a septal myectomy (Morrow procedure). This procedure involves excising a portion of the hypertrophied septum below the aortic valve using a heart-lung machine to improve blood flow through the LVOT. Effective preoperative and postoperative nursing management ensures successful patient outcomes, minimizes complications, and...
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Robotic-assisted Left Pneumonectomy For Vanishing Lung Syndrome
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Robotic-assisted Left Pneumonectomy For Vanishing Lung Syndrome

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Pulmonary resection after pneumonectomy.

Olaf Mercier1, Marc de Perrot1, Shaf Keshavjee1

  • 1Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, 200 Elizabeth Street, 9N-946, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada.

Thoracic Surgery Clinics
|December 3, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Limited lung resection for a second primary lung cancer after pneumonectomy offers good survival and quality of life in selected patients. Careful patient selection and surgical technique are crucial for optimal outcomes.

Keywords:
Lung cancerPneumonectomyRecurrenceSurgeryWedge resection

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The Left Pneumonectomy Combined with Monocrotaline or Sugen as a Model of Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats
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Area of Science:

  • Thoracic Surgery
  • Surgical Oncology
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Pneumonectomy for lung cancer necessitates careful consideration for subsequent primary lung cancers.
  • Metachronous lung cancers present unique challenges for surgical management.
  • Assessing cardiopulmonary reserve is critical for patients undergoing repeat lung surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of limited lung resection for second primary lung cancer after pneumonectomy.
  • To identify prognostic factors influencing survival and quality of life in these patients.
  • To establish principles for patient selection and surgical techniques for optimal outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of patients who underwent limited lung resection for a second primary lung cancer post-pneumonectomy.
  • Evaluation of surgical techniques including wedge resection, segmentectomy, and lobectomy.
  • Assessment of patient selection criteria focusing on cardiopulmonary reserve and tumor characteristics.
  • Analysis of short-term and long-term survival, quality of life, and prognostic factors.

Main Results:

  • Limited resection in selected patients demonstrated low operative risk and enabled long-term survival with good quality of life.
  • Survival benefit for metachronous cancers approximated that of primary lung cancer.
  • N2 status and repeat surgery within 2 years were associated with poor prognosis.
  • Wedge resection for peripheral tumors and segmentectomy for central tumors were preferred.
  • Lobectomy (except middle lobectomy) was associated with negative impacts on cardiopulmonary reserve and outcomes.
  • Up to 63% 5-year survival was achieved in highly selected patients.
  • Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) showed promise for inoperable patients.

Conclusions:

  • Limited lung resection is a viable and beneficial procedure for carefully selected patients with a second primary lung cancer after pneumonectomy.
  • Meticulous patient selection, focusing on cardiopulmonary function and tumor extent, is paramount for successful surgical outcomes.
  • Specific surgical techniques, such as wedge resection or segmentectomy, should be tailored to tumor location to preserve lung function and improve survival.