Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 20, 2026

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Impact of Reduced Resistance Exercise Volume on Metabolic Health
Published on: December 1, 2023
Effect of body mass index on insulin secretion or sensitivity and diabetes
Yukako Tatsumi1, Akiko Morimoto2, Naomi Miyamatsu2
1Department of Mathematical Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka.
Background:
Although the association between obesity and diabetes is well known, the factors predisposing to diabetes in non-obese Asians are less clearly characterized.
Purpose:
To investigate the effects of impaired insulin secretion (IIS) and insulin resistance (IR) according to BMI on the incidence of diabetes in the Saku Study.
Methods:
This 4-year cohort study involved 3,083 participants aged 30-69 years without diabetes at baseline (2006-2007). Participants were stratified by BMI (<23.0, 23.0-24.9, and ≥25). Based on insulinogenic index and homeostasis model of IR values, participants were classified into four categories: normal; isolated IIS (i-IIS); isolated IR (i-IR); and IIS plus IR. All data were collected in 2006-2011 and analyzed in 2013-2014.
Results:
For participants with BMI <23.0, the risk of developing diabetes was higher in the i-IIS (adjusted hazard ratio=6.6; 95% CI=3.7, 11.6) and IIS plus IR groups (9.4; 3.1, 28.4) than in the normal group. For participants with BMI 23.0-24.9, risk was higher in the i-IIS (9.9; 4.4, 22.1); i-IR (3.4; 1.2, 9.5); and IIS plus IR (23.4; 9.3, 58.9) groups. Among participants with BMI ≥25, risk was higher in the i-IIS (16.9; 6.0, 47.7); i-IR (7.9; 2.8, 22.6); and IIS plus IR (26.9; 9.0, 80.8) groups. BMI was negatively associated with incidence of IIS but positively associated with IR incidence.
Conclusions:
Individuals with normal BMI may develop diabetes mainly through IIS, whereas individuals with high BMI may develop diabetes primarily through IR.
More Related Videos
08:13Study of In Vivo Glucose Metabolism in High-fat Diet-fed Mice Using Oral Glucose Tolerance Test OGTT and Insulin Tolerance Test ITT
Published on: January 7, 2018
07:30Homogeneous Time-resolved Förster Resonance Energy Transfer-based Assay for Detection of Insulin Secretion
Published on: May 10, 2018
Related Concept Videos
Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
Carbohydrate Metabolism
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
Obesity
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...