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The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...
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Demystifying the complex patellar form via ratios and indices.

G Agnihotri1, G S Kalyan

  • 1Dr Gaurav Agnihotri, Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Government Medical College, Amritsar, Punjab, India;

Mymensingh Medical Journal : MMJ
|December 8, 2014
PubMed
Summary

This study defines patellar morphology using indices and ratios in North Indian males. Patellae were smaller, with Wiberg type II being predominant.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Anatomy
  • Anthropometry

Background:

  • Patellar morphology is crucial for knee joint function and biomechanics.
  • Standardized indices and ratios are valuable for assessing patellar dimensions, compensating for variations in absolute size.
  • Limited data exists on patellar morphology within specific populations, particularly North Indians.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize patellar morphology in adult North Indian males using novel patellar ratios and indices.
  • To establish population-specific quantitative data for patellar dimensions.
  • To contribute to the understanding of patellar shape variations.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 200 adult North Indian male patellae (100 right, 100 left).

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  • Measurement of key patellar dimensions to calculate various patellar ratios and indices.
  • Classification of patellar phenotypes based on established criteria (e.g., Wiberg classification).

    • Main Results:

    • North Indian patellae exhibited smaller dimensions compared to other studied populations.
    • The predominant patellar phenotype was Wiberg type II, observed in 60% of cases.
    • Patellae were classified as medium height (50-55 mm) and medium width (51-56 mm).

    Conclusions:

    • This study provides the first quantitative characterization of patellar morphology using indices and ratios for the North Indian population.
    • The findings highlight population-specific differences in patellar dimensions.
    • The established patellar ratios and indices offer valuable tools for clinical and anthropological assessments.