Condylar hyperplasia of the temporomandibular joint: types, treatment, and surgical implications

Condylar hyperplasia (CH) is a progressive and pathologic overgrowth of either or both mandibular condyles, which can affect the neck, ramus, or body of the mandible. It may lead to facial asymmetry, malocclusion, speech, and masticatory problems. Identifying the specific type of condylar hyperplasia is crucial. Serial radiographs, dental models, clinical evaluations, and bone scan techniques are usually the best diagnostic methods to determine the type of CH and if the growth process is still active. The protocol of surgical procedures recommended in this article for CH has been proven to treat the condylar pathology and correct the jaw deformity.