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Knee Joint

Knee Joint

The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris...

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Individualized Stem-positioning in Calcar-guided Short-stem Total Hip Arthroplasty

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Published on: February 27, 2018

Instability after total knee arthroplasty.

David Clinton McNabb¹, Raymond H Kim¹, Bryan D Springer²

¹Colorado Joint Replacement, Denver, Colorado.

The Journal of Knee Surgery

|December 19, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) offers good long-term outcomes, but instability can necessitate revision surgery. Choosing the appropriate implant constraint is crucial for successful revision TKA and optimal patient stability.

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Area of Science:

Orthopedic surgery
Biomedical engineering
Arthroplasty research

Background:

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) demonstrates favorable long-term survival and patient satisfaction.
Instability is a significant factor leading to TKA revision.
Ligamentous incompetence often requires implants with increased constraint.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the spectrum of constraint options available for total knee arthroplasty.
To discuss the role of implant constraint in managing TKA instability.
To emphasize the surgeon's role in selecting appropriate constraint for revision TKA.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on TKA implant constraint levels.
Classification of TKA designs based on constraint (PCR, PS, VVC, hinged).
Discussion of clinical implications for revision TKA.

Main Results:

Posterior cruciate retaining (PCR) TKA offers minimal constraint.
Posterior cruciate substituting (PS) TKA enhances sagittal stability.
Varus-valgus constraint (VVC) and linked hinged implants provide the highest levels of coronal and overall stability.

Conclusions:

Implant constraint selection is critical for addressing TKA instability.
Revision TKA requires careful consideration of ligamentous status to determine the necessary level of implant constraint.
The surgeon must match the implant's constraint to the patient's specific needs for stable outcomes.