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Emerging Vector-Borne Diseases - Incidence through Vectors.

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  • 1Scientific Veterinary Institute , Novi Sad , Serbia.

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Vector-borne diseases are an emerging threat globally, affecting both tropical and developed regions. Canine vector-borne diseases, such as borreliosis and anaplasmosis, require integrated surveillance and veterinary-medical collaboration for prevention and control.

Keywords:
ELISAOne Healthemerging diseasesvector-borne diseaseszoonoses

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Vector-borne diseases are expanding beyond tropical regions, posing emerging threats in continental and developed countries.
  • Climate change is predicted to exacerbate the spread and incidence of vector-borne infectious diseases.
  • Canine vector-borne diseases (CVBDs) are a significant concern due to their clinical impact on dogs and potential zoonotic transmission.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of specific vector-borne diseases in dogs within the Vojvodina region of Serbia.
  • To highlight the importance of routine laboratory surveillance for emerging vector-borne zoonotic diseases.
  • To emphasize the role of veterinarians and the One Health approach in managing CVBDs.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 551 dog serum samples over a 4-year period (2009-2013) for vector-borne diseases.
  • Utilized serological tests (ELISA), modified Knott test, and blood smear microscopy.
  • Included testing for borreliosis, babesiosis, ehrlichiosis, anaplasmosis, dirofilariosis, and leishmaniasis.

Main Results:

  • Vector-borne diseases constituted a significant portion (75%) of all canine disease analyses performed.
  • Annually, over half of the canine samples submitted for infectious disease testing were for CVBDs.
  • Confirmed the presence of borreliosis, babesiosis, dirofilariosis, leishmaniasis, and anaplasmosis in dogs in Vojvodina.

Conclusions:

  • Vector-borne diseases are prevalent in canine populations in Serbia, necessitating ongoing surveillance.
  • Integrated veterinary and public health strategies, aligned with the One Health concept, are crucial for controlling emerging vector-borne diseases.
  • Veterinarians play a key role in the primary prevention and treatment of CVBDs, safeguarding both animal and human health.