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Seroprevalence and seroconversion of dengue and implications for clinical diagnosis in amazonian children
Antonio Camargo Martins1, Thasciany Moraes Pereira1, Humberto Oliart-Guzmán1
1Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Desporto, Universidade Federal do Acre, Campus Universitário, BR 364, Bairro Distrito Industrial, 69.919-900 Rio Branco, AC, Brazil.
Insights
Dengue IgG antibodies were found in 2.9% of children in the Brazilian Amazon. Most dengue infections in children were asymptomatic, highlighting challenges in clinical diagnosis and the need for better detection methods.
Area of Science:
- * Epidemiology
- * Infectious Diseases
- * Pediatrics
Background:
- * Dengue is a significant public health concern, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions.
- * Accurate diagnosis in pediatric populations can be challenging due to non-specific symptoms.
Purpose of the Study:
- * To determine the prevalence of serum IgG dengue antibodies in children in the Brazilian Amazon.
- * To assess the 12-month seroconversion rate in this population.
- * To evaluate the proportion of seropositive children with a prior clinical dengue diagnosis.
Main Methods:
- * Population-based study conducted in the Brazilian Amazon from 2010-2011.
- * Included children aged 6 months to 12 years.
- * Indirect ELISA technique used for IgG antibody detection; seronegative children re-evaluated after 12 months.
Main Results:
- * Dengue IgG seroprevalence was 2.9%, with no significant associations with age, race, or sex.
- * Only 8.4% of seropositive children had a prior clinical dengue diagnosis (1:11 clinical to subclinical ratio).
- * The 12-month seroconversion rate was 1.4% (CI 3.8% to 35.1%).
Conclusions:
- * Low dengue seroprevalence was observed in this pediatric population.
- * The majority of dengue infections in children were subclinical or asymptomatic.
- * Findings suggest difficulties in clinical dengue diagnosis and a high frequency of asymptomatic infections in children.
Abstract:
This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of serum IgG dengue in children in an Amazonian population, to assess the seroconversion rate in 12 months, and to estimate how many seropositive children had a prior clinical diagnosis of dengue. We conducted a population-based study between 2010 and 2011, with children aged 6 months to 12 years that were living in the urban area of a small town in the Brazilian Amazon. The prevalence of IgG antibodies against dengue antigens was determined by indirect ELISA technique, and seronegative children were reexamined after 12 months to determine seroconversion rates. Results showed seroprevalence of IgG antibodies against dengue type of 2.9%, with no significant association between age, race, and sex. In seropositive children, only 8.4% had received a clinical diagnosis of dengue, and the ratio of clinically diagnosed cases and subclinical cases was 1 : 11. The seroconversion rate between 2010 and 2011 was 1.4% (CI 3.8% to 35.1%). The seroprevalence of dengue in this pediatric population was low, and the vast majority of cases were not clinically detected, suggesting a difficulty in making the clinical diagnosis in children and a high frequency of asymptomatic infections.
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