[Nephrologic aspects of tumor diseases in children]

Renal function disturbances in malignant diseases have various origins. Primary tumorous renal infiltrates and secondary renal function impairment via the tumor lysis syndrome are the most frequent causes. Cytostatic drugs are frequently accompanied by serious nephrotoxic side effects, which can be both acute and chronic. The diagnostic methodology for renal function control is simple and is normally available in any laboratory. The prophylactic measures to prevent serious complications are based on a rigid fluid intake, alkalinization of the urine and careful management of the cytoreductive phase. In addition to acute nephrotoxicity, chronic sequelae of renal disturbances may be an important aspect in future long-time studies.