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Updated: Apr 19, 2026

Dosimetry for Cell Irradiation using Orthovoltage 40-300 kV X-Ray Facilities
Published on: February 20, 2021
Evaluation of occupational and patient radiation doses in orthopedic surgery
A Sulieman1, K Alzimami2, B Habeeballa3
1Radiology and Medical Imaging Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Salman bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 422, Alkharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; College of Medical Radiologic Sciences, Sudan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 1908, Khartoum, Sudan.
Abstract:
This study intends to measure the radiation dose to patients and staff during (i) Dynamic Hip Screw (DHS) and (ii) Dynamic Cannula Screw (DCS) and to evaluate entrance surface Air kerma (ESAK) dose and organ doses and effective doses. Calibrated Thermoluminescence dosimeters (TLD-GR200A) were used. The mean patients' doses were 0.46mGy and 0.07mGy for DHS and DCS procedures, respectively. The mean staff doses at the thyroid and chest were 4.69mGy and 1.21mGy per procedure. The mean organ and effective dose for patients and staff were higher in DHS compared to DCS. Orthopedic surgeons were exposed to unnecessary radiation doses due to the lack of protection measures. The radiation dose per hip procedure is within the safety limit and less than the previous studies.
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