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Updated: Apr 19, 2026

Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Published on: September 12, 2011

Diffusion tensor imaging for understanding brain development in early life.

Anqi Qiu¹, Susumu Mori, Michael I Miller

¹Department of Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Imaging Research Center, National University of Singapore, 117576 Singapore;

Annual Review of Psychology

|January 7, 2015

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) visualizes early brain development. This review covers DTI

Keywords:

brain development diffusion tensor imaging infancy magnetic resonance imaging myelination white matter

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Developmental Biology
Medical Imaging

Background:

The human brain undergoes rapid development from late gestation through the first two years of life.
Understanding early brain development is crucial for identifying potential abnormalities and neurocognitive outcomes.
Advanced imaging techniques are essential for non-invasively studying the intricate white matter anatomy during this critical period.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) as a key technique for studying early brain development.
To review current DTI findings on white matter development in fetal and infant stages.
To explore DTI's applications in neurocognitive development and the assessment of brain abnormalities in preterm infants.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) applications in early life.
Analysis of DTI findings related to white matter development across fetal and infant stages.
Examination of DTI's utility in evaluating neurocognitive development and brain abnormalities in preterm neonates.

Main Results:

DTI provides a valuable in vivo method for three-dimensional visualization of developing white matter.
DTI findings reveal significant insights into white matter maturation during fetal and infant periods.
DTI aids in understanding neurocognitive development and identifying brain abnormalities, particularly in preterm infants.

Conclusions:

Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) is a powerful tool for studying early human brain development and white matter maturation.
DTI applications are vital for assessing neurocognitive outcomes and brain abnormalities in vulnerable infant populations.
Future research should consider DTI's limitations and explore complementary imaging techniques for comprehensive myelination studies.