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Tardive dyskinesia.

American Family Physician

|April 1, 1978

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Prolonged use of antipsychotic medications can cause movement disorders, potentially due to dopamine pathway changes. Treatment involves dose reduction or discontinuation of the offending agent to manage this extrapyramidal dysfunction.

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Area of Science:

Neurology
Pharmacology

Background:

Antipsychotic agents are frequently used for psychiatric conditions.
Prolonged use can lead to adverse neurological effects, specifically movement disorders.
Extrapyramidal dysfunction is a known side effect requiring careful management.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe the characteristics of antipsychotic-induced movement disorders.
To outline differential diagnoses for extrapyramidal dysfunction.
To discuss the pathophysiology and treatment strategies for these movement disorders.

Main Methods:

Literature review of antipsychotic-induced movement disorders.
Analysis of diagnostic criteria for extrapyramidal dysfunction.
Review of proposed pathophysiological mechanisms and treatment approaches.

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Main Results:

Movement disorders can manifest after extended antipsychotic therapy.
Differential diagnosis must consider hereditary, infectious, toxic, and drug-induced causes.
Pathophysiology involves altered dopamine neuronal function and potential synaptic modification.

Conclusions:

Management strategies include discontinuing the causative agent or minimizing dosage.
Avoiding indiscriminate use of antipsychotics in nonpsychotic individuals is crucial.
Understanding the link between antipsychotics and movement disorders aids clinical decision-making.