Functional characterization and developmental expression profiling of gibberellin signalling components in Vitis
Atiako Kwame Acheampong1, Jianhong Hu2, Ariel Rotman3
1Institute of Plant Sciences, Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Centre, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
Journal of Experimental Botany
|January 16, 2015
Summary
Gibberellins (GAs) are crucial for grapevine development, especially berry size in seedless grapes. This study identifies key GA signaling components in
Area of Science:
- Plant Biology
- Molecular Biology
- Agricultural Science
Background:
- Gibberellins (GAs) are vital plant hormones regulating grapevine (Vitis vinifera) development, including berry enlargement, crucial for the seedless table grape industry.
- Previous knowledge on GA signaling in grapevine was limited, with only VvGAI1 (VvDELLA1) characterized for its role in internode elongation and fruitfulness, not berry size.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and characterize additional GA signaling components in grapevine, specifically DELLAs, GA receptors, and F-box proteins.
- To elucidate the roles of these identified components in grapevine development, particularly in fruit development and response to GAs.
Main Methods:
- Identification and characterization of grapevine GA signaling genes (VvDELLA2, VvDELLA3, VvGID1a, VvGID1b, VvSLY1a, VvSLY1b) in 'Thompson Seedless' cultivar.
- Yeast two-hybrid assays to investigate protein interactions between VvDELLAs and VvGID1s in a GA-dependent manner.
- Functional confirmation of grapevine genes in Arabidopsis mutants and spatiotemporal expression analysis of VvDELLAs in grapevine tissues.
Main Results:
- Two additional DELLAs (VvDELLA2, VvDELLA3), two GA receptors (VvGID1a, VvGID1b), and two F-box proteins (VvSLY1a, VvSLY1b) were identified and characterized.
- Most VvDELLAs interacted with VvGID1s in a GA-dependent manner, confirmed by functional expression in Arabidopsis mutants.
- VvDELLA2 showed high expression in developing fruit, suggesting a critical role in grapevine fruit development, with differential responses to GA linked to VvDELLA levels and bioactive GAs.
Conclusions:
- The study expands the understanding of the GA signaling pathway in grapevine by identifying key components beyond VvDELLA1.
- VvDELLA2 plays a significant role in grapevine fruit development, and its expression levels, along with endogenous bioactive GAs, influence organ-specific responses to exogenous GA.
- This research provides a foundation for manipulating GA signaling to improve grapevine cultivation, particularly for enhancing berry size in seedless varieties.
Related Concept Videos
01:58Fruit Development, Structure, and Function
26.4K
Fruits form from a mature flower ovary. As seeds develop from the ovules contained within, the ovary wall undergoes a series of complex changes to form fruit. In some fruits, such as soybeans, the ovary wall dries; in other fruits, such as grapes, it remains fleshy. In some cases, organs other than the ovary contribute to fruit formation; such fruits are called accessory fruits.
26.4K
01:17Gene Regulation During Sporulation
679
Sporulation is a complex developmental process that allows certain Gram-positive bacteria, such as Bacillus subtilis and Clostridium species, to survive extreme environmental conditions. This process is tightly regulated by a series of signaling cascades and transcriptional controls, ensuring the formation of a highly resistant endospore.Sporulation is triggered by unfavorable conditions, such as nutrient depletion, and is governed by a phosphorelay system. One of the sensor kinases, such as...
679
01:25Cell Signaling in Plants
7.2K
Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...
7.2K
02:50Transgenic Plants
9.3K
Recombinant DNA technology called transgenesis is often used to add a foreign gene or remove a detrimental gene from an organism. Such genetically modified organisms are called transgenic organisms.
The first-ever transgenic plant was a tobacco plant developed in 1983 that showed resistance against the tobacco mosaic virus. Since then, many transgenic plants have been developed and commercialized for improving the agricultural, ornamental, and horticultural value of a crop plant. Transgenic...
The first-ever transgenic plant was a tobacco plant developed in 1983 that showed resistance against the tobacco mosaic virus. Since then, many transgenic plants have been developed and commercialized for improving the agricultural, ornamental, and horticultural value of a crop plant. Transgenic...
9.3K
02:36Meristems and Plant Growth
51.6K
Plants grow throughout their lives; this is called indeterminate growth, and it distinguishes plants from most animals. Although certain parts of plants stop growing (e.g., leaves and flowers), others grow continuously—like roots and stems.
51.6K
01:20Tonicity in Plants
44.4K
Plant cells maintain appropriate osmotic balance in extreme conditions. For instance, plants in dry environments store water in vacuoles, limit the opening of their stoma, and have thick, waxy cuticles to prevent unnecessary water loss. Some species of plants that live in salty environments store salt in their roots. As a result, water osmosis occurs in the root from the surrounding soil.
Tonicity
Tonicity describes the capacity of a cell to lose or gain water depending on the solute...
Tonicity
Tonicity describes the capacity of a cell to lose or gain water depending on the solute...
44.4K