Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

The Thyroid Gland

The Thyroid Gland

The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH...

Goiter

Goiter

Goiter refers to an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland that may appear as a diffuse goiter (uniform enlargement) or nodular (single or multiple nodules). Functionally, it is classified as nontoxic (normal/low hormone levels) or toxic (excess hormone production).PathophysiologyDiffuse thyroid enlargement typically results from prolonged stimulation by thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) or TSH-like agents, commonly seen in hypothyroidism or iodine deficiency. In contrast, in hyperthyroid...

The Parathyroid Glands

The Parathyroid Glands

The two pairs of parathyroid glands embedded within the posterior surface of the thyroid gland are restricted by a dense capsule around them. These glands comprise two distinct cell populations—parathyroid oxyphil and parathyroid principal cells- pivotal in calcium homeostasis.
Oxyphil cells, whose functions remain elusive, emerge during late puberty, adding a layer of complexity to the parathyroid gland's intricacies. In contrast, principal parathyroid cells undertake a vital role by...

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction

Hyperthyroidism is a type of thyrotoxicosis characterized by the thyroid gland's overproduction of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). This hormone excess increases the basal metabolic rate and enhances sensitivity to catecholamines.DiagnosisDiagnosis is based on clinical features and biochemical testing. It typically shows suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels below 0.4 mIU/L, with elevated free T3 and/or T4. Additional tests, including thyroid...

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that activate TSH receptors, leading to excessive synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulting in hyperthyroidism.Among all causes of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease is the most common and can happen at any age, though it is more frequent in women. It produces a hypermetabolic state with features such as weight loss, tachycardia, tremor,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Clinical spectrum, imaging characteristics, and treatment outcomes of pediatric adrenocortical tumors: a 24-year experience from Western India.

Journal of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism : JPEM·2025

Same author

Correlation of Cytomorphology Pattern in Tuberculous Lymphadenitis with Microbiological Studies.

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India·2025

Same author

Hematological and other Laboratory Parameter Changes in COVID-19 Patients.

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India·2023

Same author

Plasmacytoid cells in a thyroid aspirate - Look before you leap.

CytoJournal·2022

Same author

Disseminated epithelial cancers-An autopsy analysis.

Indian journal of pathology & microbiology·2022

Same author

Utility of the Milan system for reporting salivary gland cytopathology: A retrospective 5 years study.

Diagnostic cytopathology·2021

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 18, 2026

An Orthotopic Mouse Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma

An Orthotopic Mouse Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma

Published on: April 17, 2013

Intrathyroidal multiloculated proliferating thymic cyst.

Jayashri Chaudhari¹, Gwendolyn Fernandez, Leena Naik

¹Department of Pathology, Seth G. S. Medical College & KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, India, jayashreepath@gmail.com.

Endocrine Pathology

|January 21, 2015

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study reports the first case of an intrathyroidal multilocular thymic cyst in a 73-year-old male. This rare condition mimicked thyroid cancer on imaging, highlighting diagnostic challenges.

More Related Videos

Spontaneous Murine Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer

Spontaneous Murine Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer

Published on: February 3, 2023

Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer

Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer

Published on: June 9, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 18, 2026

An Orthotopic Mouse Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma

An Orthotopic Mouse Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma

Published on: April 17, 2013

Spontaneous Murine Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer

Spontaneous Murine Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer

Published on: February 3, 2023

Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer

Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer

Published on: June 9, 2023

Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Pathology
Surgical Oncology

Background:

Ectopic thymic tissue in the neck is common.
Ectopic thymic cysts in the neck are rare.
Intrathyroidal thymic cysts are exceptionally rare.

Observation:

A 73-year-old male presented with an intrathyroidal mass.
Radiological imaging suggested thyroid malignancy.
The mass was identified as a multilocular proliferating thymic cyst.

Findings:

This is the first reported case of an intrathyroidal multilocular proliferating thymic cyst.
Multilocular proliferating thymic cysts are rare, with most cases reported in the mediastinum.
The cyst mimicked thyroid malignancy on imaging.

Implications:

This case expands the known locations for multilocular proliferating thymic cysts.
It underscores the importance of considering rare cystic lesions in the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules.
Accurate radiological and pathological diagnosis is crucial for appropriate management.