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Clinical characteristics of gout: a hospital case series
A Mohd1, E das Gupta2, Yl Loh1
1Hospital Tuanku Ja'afar, Seremban, Malaysia. (Asmah Mohd, Loh Yet Lin, Gandhi C, Beryl D'Souza, Gun Suk Chyn).
Insights
This study found that gout patients frequently have cardiovascular risk factors like hypertension and obesity. High rates of tophi and renal impairment were observed, indicating a need for concern in gout management.
Area of Science:
- Rheumatology
- Epidemiology
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Gout is a growing health concern.
- Risk factors include traditional ones (male sex, diet, alcohol) and newer ones (metabolic syndrome, increased lifespan).
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of gout patients.
- To identify associated conditions and renal issues in gout patients.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study design.
- Analysis of patients followed in a Rheumatology outpatient clinic.
Main Results:
- 54 gout patients identified; predominantly male, Malay ethnicity, onset in 3rd-4th decades.
- Common risk factors: hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, obesity. Diabetes, alcohol, and family history were less common.
- Half had polyarticular involvement; half with tophaceous gout showed renal impairment.
Conclusions:
- Gout patients exhibit a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors.
- The frequent occurrence of tophi and renal impairment warrants attention.
Introduction:
Gout is an increasingly common medical problem. The traditional risk factors of male sex and high red meat or alcohol consumption have been joined with newer risks such as increased life expectancy, and the metabolic syndrome (hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidaemia, truncal obesity).
Methods:
This was a retrospective study to determine the epidemiology, clinical features, associated conditions as well as renal related conditions in existing gout patients followed-up in Rheumatology outpatient clinic, Hospital Tuanku Ja'afar, Seremban.
Results:
Over a three month period, we identified 54 gouty patients on our follow-up, the majority being male, Malay ethnicity, with the age of onset in the third and fourth decades of life. Commonly associated risk factors were hypertension, hyperlipidaemia and obesity. However, underlying history of diabetes mellitus, alcohol consumption, and family history were not commonly associated with gout in our group of patients. Half of our patients had at least two or more joints involvement. About half of the patients with tophaceous gout had renal impairment.
Conclusion:
Our series of gout patients highlight the high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors. The high prevalence of tophi and renal impairment is a cause for concern.
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