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[Update on genetic predisposition to prostate cancer].
Olivier Cussenot1, Géraldine Cancel-Tassin2
1AP-HP, hôpital Tenon, service d'urologie, CeRePP, GHU Est, 4, rue de la Chine, 75970 Paris cedex 20, France; UPMC université Paris 06, GRC n(o) 5, Oncotype-Uro, Paris, France; Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, CeRePP, Paris, France.
Bulletin Du Cancer
|January 23, 2015
Summary
Hereditary prostate cancer is rare, often linked to BRCA2, HOXB13, or BRCA1 gene mutations. Most prostate cancer has a polygenic component, involving common genetic variants and leading to earlier onset.
Area of Science:
- Genetics
- Oncology
- Cancer Research
Context:
- Prostate cancer's genetic basis is complex, involving both rare high-penetrance mutations and common polygenic factors.
- Understanding these genetic components is crucial for risk assessment and early detection strategies.
Purpose:
- To differentiate between rare Mendelian inheritance patterns and common polygenic susceptibility in prostate cancer.
- To highlight the significance of specific gene mutations (BRCA2, HOXB13, BRCA1) and polygenic variants in prostate cancer risk.
Summary:
- Rare hereditary prostate cancer involves mutations in BRCA2, HOXB13 (G84E variant), or BRCA1.
- The majority of prostate cancer cases stem from polygenic inheritance, a combination of common genetic variants.
- Over 100 validated genetic susceptibility variants for prostate cancer have been identified.
Impact:
- Hereditary prostate cancer often presents at a younger age, necessitating specialized monitoring for early diagnosis and treatment.
- Family history of prostate or breast cancer impacts psychological well-being, supporting dedicated monitoring and early diagnosis protocols.
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