Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Microbial Biosensors

Microbial Biosensors

Microbial biosensors are analytical devices that utilize living microbes to detect specific substances through measurable signals. These devices consist of two main components: biosensing organisms and signal-transducing elements. Biosensing organisms, such as Escherichia coli or Saccharomyces cerevisiae, are typically housed in multiwell plates connected to transducers, enabling rapid, real-time detection of target analytes.Signal Generation MechanismWhen a target analyte—such as...

Urea Cycle

Urea Cycle

The urea cycle describes how liver cells convert ammonia to urea. Ammonia is a toxic waste product of protein catabolism. Land animals must convert ammonia into the less toxic urea which can be safely eliminated by the kidneys through urine. Marine animals excrete ammonia directly, and the surrounding water dilutes the ammonia to safe levels.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

A Trianalyte µPAD for Simultaneous Determination of Iron, Zinc, and Manganese Ions.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)·2024

Same author

Hydrogen peroxide stabilization with silica xerogel for paper-based analytical devices and its application to phenolic compounds determination.

Analytica chimica acta·2024

Same author

Multipoint monitor of beer fermentation.

Food chemistry·2024

Same author

Microfluidic paper-based analytical device for simultaneous determination of calcium and magnesium ions in human serum.

Analytica chimica acta·2024

Same author

Turbidimetric flow analysis system for the investigation of microbial growth.

Talanta·2023

Same author

Photometric flow system for the determination of serum lactate dehydrogenase activity.

Talanta·2023

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 18, 2026

Iridium Oxide-reduced Graphene Oxide Nanohybrid Thin Film Modified Screen-printed Electrodes as Disposable Electrochemical Paper Microfluidic pH Sensors

Iridium Oxide-reduced Graphene Oxide Nanohybrid Thin Film Modified Screen-printed Electrodes as Disposable Electrochemical Paper Microfluidic pH Sensors

Published on: November 22, 2016

Towards optoelectronic urea biosensors.

Marta Pokrzywnicka¹, Robert Koncki, Łukasz Tymecki

¹Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland.

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

|January 27, 2015

Summary

Researchers developed economic, miniaturized biooptoelectronic devices using immobilized urease and red LEDs for sensitive urea detection. These fiberless biosensors offer fast, reproducible measurements under flow conditions.

Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Optoelectronics
Enzyme Engineering

Background:

Optoelectronic enzyme-based biosensors integrate immobilized enzymes with light-emitting diodes (LEDs).
Urease is a model enzyme for developing biosensing applications.
Miniaturized, economic biooptoelectronic devices are needed for nonstationary measurements.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop novel, fiberless, miniaturized, and economic biooptoelectronic devices for urea detection.
To integrate immobilized urease with red LEDs for a complete biosensing system.
To demonstrate the utility of these devices for nonstationary measurements under flow analysis conditions.

Main Methods:

Immobilization of urease in an open-tubular microbioreactor or biosensing membrane.

More Related Videos

The Use of a β-lactamase-based Conductimetric Biosensor Assay to Detect Biomolecular Interactions

The Use of a β-lactamase-based Conductimetric Biosensor Assay to Detect Biomolecular Interactions

Published on: February 1, 2018

Optical Detection of E. coli Bacteria by Mesoporous Silicon Biosensors

Optical Detection of E. coli Bacteria by Mesoporous Silicon Biosensors

Published on: November 20, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 18, 2026

Iridium Oxide-reduced Graphene Oxide Nanohybrid Thin Film Modified Screen-printed Electrodes as Disposable Electrochemical Paper Microfluidic pH Sensors

Iridium Oxide-reduced Graphene Oxide Nanohybrid Thin Film Modified Screen-printed Electrodes as Disposable Electrochemical Paper Microfluidic pH Sensors

Published on: November 22, 2016

The Use of a β-lactamase-based Conductimetric Biosensor Assay to Detect Biomolecular Interactions

The Use of a β-lactamase-based Conductimetric Biosensor Assay to Detect Biomolecular Interactions

Published on: February 1, 2018

Optical Detection of E. coli Bacteria by Mesoporous Silicon Biosensors

Optical Detection of E. coli Bacteria by Mesoporous Silicon Biosensors

Published on: November 20, 2013

Integration of the enzyme-immobilized structure with two red LEDs.

Operation based on the paired emitter detector diode (PEDD) principle for urea detection.

Main Results:

Developed complete, fiberless, miniaturized, and economic biooptoelectronic devices.
Achieved relatively fast, highly sensitive, and well-reproducible urea detection in the millimolar range.
Demonstrated potential analytical applications for the developed urea bioPEDDs.

Conclusions:

The developed biooptoelectronic devices offer a promising platform for sensitive and reproducible urea detection.
These devices are suitable for nonstationary measurements under flow analysis conditions.
The demonstrated constructions can be easily adapted for other optoelectronic biosensors using various enzyme-based detection schemes.