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[Ainhum and "African acral keratoderma": three cases].

C Koudoukpo1, E Bourrat2, J Rausky3

  • 1Faculté de médecine, université de Parakou, BP 123, Parakou, Bénin.

Annales De Dermatologie Et De Venereologie
|January 28, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ainhum, a condition causing toe constriction and autoamputation, is frequently associated with various forms of palmoplantar keratoderma in individuals of African origin. Further genetic studies are needed to confirm this link.

Keywords:
AcrokeratoelastoidosisAcrokérato-élastoïdoseAfricaAfriqueAinhumAïnhumCoussinets des phalangesKnuckle padsKératodermie palmo-plantairePalmoplantar keratodermaPseudo-ainhumPseudo-aïnhum

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Genetics
  • Podiatry

Background:

  • Ainhum, or spontaneous dactylitis, is characterized by progressive constriction of the fifth toe, potentially leading to autoamputation.
  • It is distinct from pseudo-ainhum and genetic ainhumoid palmoplantar keratoderma.
  • This report details three cases of ainhum in women of sub-Saharan African origin, all exhibiting associated hyperkeratosis.

Observation:

  • Three patients from Mali, Guinea, and Senegal presented with painful fifth toe constriction.
  • Symptoms included sleep disturbance and diagnostic challenges, with one patient undergoing surgical investigation.
  • All patients received prompt relief via Z-plasty for the constrictive band.

Findings:

  • The patients displayed various forms of palmoplantar keratoderma and acral hyperkeratosis.
  • Associated conditions included diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma, acrokeratoelastoidosis, and knuckle pads.
  • Ainhum was consistently linked with these keratoderma forms prevalent in individuals of African descent.

Implications:

  • These findings suggest ainhum may be part of a broader spectrum of African acral keratoderma.
  • This reinforces the clinical unity of these conditions within this population group.
  • Genetic studies are essential for validating and refining these clinical observations.