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Imaging of elbow replacement arthroplasty
1Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology
|January 31, 2015
Summary
Elbow replacement surgery is a common treatment for elbow joint diseases and trauma. Modern implants offer good long-term survival rates, but complications like infection and loosening can occur.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic surgery
- Biomaterials engineering
Background:
- Elbow replacement arthroplasty is a standard surgical treatment for diverse elbow conditions.
- Indications have broadened from rheumatoid arthritis to include traumatic elbow injuries.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current state of elbow replacement arthroplasty.
- To discuss implant types, surgical techniques, outcomes, and complications.
Main Methods:
- Review of commonly used linked semiconstrained prostheses (chromium-molybdenum or titanium alloy with polyethylene).
- Discussion of techniques involving ulnotrochlear joint resection, radial head sacrifice, and cementation.
- Inclusion of modular components and allografts for bone deficiency.
- Consideration of metal radial head replacements for fractures and reconstruction.
Main Results:
- Long-term survival rates for total elbow replacement are approximately 90% at 10 years, comparable to other joint replacements.
- Metal radial head replacements are increasingly utilized for fracture treatment and post-traumatic reconstruction.
Conclusions:
- Elbow replacement arthroplasty is an established procedure with favorable long-term outcomes.
- Potential complications include infection, aseptic loosening, prosthetic failure, and periprosthetic fracture.
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