[Castration resistant prostate cancer 2015]

Area of Science:

• Uro-oncology
• Medical oncology
• Clinical pharmacology

Background:

• Prostate cancer is a leading urological malignancy in elderly men.
• Metastatic prostate cancer can stabilize with antiandrogen therapy but often progresses to castration-resistant disease.
• Historically, docetaxel chemotherapy was the primary life-prolonging option for advanced stages.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent advancements in treating metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).
• To discuss the approval status and efficacy of five new therapeutic agents.
• To explore sequential treatment strategies and future molecular targets.

Main Methods:

• Review of randomized phase III clinical trial results.
• Analysis of approval status for new mCRPC agents.
• Discussion of sequential therapy and emerging molecular approaches.

Main Results:

• Five new agents (Abiraterone, Enzalutamide, Cabazitaxel, Sipuleucel-T, radium-223) have been approved for mCRPC in the last five years.
• These agents represent significant progress beyond traditional chemotherapy.
• Evidence supports their efficacy in prolonging survival and managing disease progression.

Conclusions:

• The treatment landscape for mCRPC has been revolutionized by new approvals.
• Sequential administration of these agents offers improved therapeutic options.
• Future research focuses on personalized molecular therapies for advanced prostate cancer.