Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 17, 2026

Chemotherapy-induced Vascular Toxicity - Real-time In vivo Imaging of Vessel Impairment
04:48

Chemotherapy-induced Vascular Toxicity - Real-time In vivo Imaging of Vessel Impairment

Published on: January 7, 2015

7.9K

New drug toxicities in the onco-nephrology world

Mark A Perazella1, Hassan Izzedine2

  • 1Section of Nephrology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.

Kidney International
|February 12, 2015
PubMed

Insights

New cancer drugs offer hope but can harm kidneys. This review updates clinicians on anticancer medication nephrotoxicity, including acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease, to improve patient care.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Nephrology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Emerging anticancer therapies offer improved outcomes for resistant cancers.
  • Anticancer drugs can cause significant adverse renal events in susceptible patients.
  • Understanding drug-induced kidney injury is crucial for effective cancer treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an update on the nephrotoxicity of anticancer medications.
  • To familiarize clinicians with both established and novel agents associated with kidney injury.
  • To support the practice of onco-nephrology by detailing potential renal side effects.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current evidence on anticancer drug nephrotoxicity.
  • Focus on common clinical manifestations of kidney injury.
  • Inclusion of both older drugs with new data and newer therapeutic agents.

Main Results:

  • Common nephrotoxic effects include acute kidney injury, proteinuria, hypertension, and electrolyte imbalances.
  • Some anticancer agents may lead to chronic kidney disease.
  • Risk factors can exacerbate drug-induced renal damage.

Conclusions:

  • Nephrologists require updated knowledge of anticancer drug nephrotoxicity.
  • Awareness of renal risks associated with cancer therapies is essential for patient safety.
  • This review aids clinicians in managing and preventing kidney complications in cancer patients.

More Related Videos

Induction of Nephrotic Syndrome in Mice by Retrobulbar Injection of Doxorubicin and Prevention of Volume Retention by Sustained Release Aprotinin07:38

Induction of Nephrotic Syndrome in Mice by Retrobulbar Injection of Doxorubicin and Prevention of Volume Retention by Sustained Release Aprotinin

Published on: May 6, 2018

8.9K
Early Detection of Drug-Induced Renal Hemodynamic Dysfunction Using Sonographic Technology in Rats06:38

Early Detection of Drug-Induced Renal Hemodynamic Dysfunction Using Sonographic Technology in Rats

Published on: March 11, 2016

12.7K

Related Concept Videos

Drug Toxicity: Dose-Dependent Reactions01:24

Drug Toxicity: Dose-Dependent Reactions

Drug toxicities can be stratified into pharmacological, pathological, or genotoxic based on their mechanisms. The incidence and severity of these toxicities generally increase with the drug's concentration in the body and exposure time.Pharmacological toxicity is evident when the therapeutic effects of drugs overshoot into adverse reactions in a predictable, dose-dependent manner. Central nervous system (CNS) depression from barbiturates is a classic example, with effects escalating from...
212
Drug Toxicity: Overview01:00

Drug Toxicity: Overview

Drug toxicity quantifies the harm a compound causes to an organism, varying by dose and potentially impacting whole systems or specific organs like the liver. Toxic reactions may arise from venomous insect or spider bites, with effects ranging from mild symptoms to severe outcomes such as brain damage or death. Common forms of acute poisoning include ethanol intoxication and overdose of pain or fever medications, with substances like GHB and heroin being particularly lethal at doses close to...
259
Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments01:11

Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments

In patients with renal impairment, drugs undergo significant changes in their pharmacokinetics, which require dosage adjustments to ensure safe and effective therapy.
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
626
Drug toxicity: Drug–Drug Interaction01:30

Drug toxicity: Drug–Drug Interaction

Drug–drug interactions can precipitate toxicity through multiple mechanisms. Absorption interactions alter how drugs enter the body, exemplified when ranitidine increases the absorption of basic drugs, while cholestyramine decreases the levels of propranolol. Protein binding interactions occur when drugs share the same binding sites on plasma proteins. Drugs like aspirin and warfarin, when bound in excess, can lead to increased free drug concentrations, enhancing the potential for...
386
Renal Drug Excretion: Overview01:15

Renal Drug Excretion: Overview

As primary excretory organs, the kidneys maintain homeostasis by removing waste substances from the bloodstream. They comprise over a million units called nephrons, which serve as the kidney's functional units.
A nephron consists of two primary structures: the renal corpuscle and the renal tubule. The renal corpuscle contains the glomerulus, a network of capillaries where the first step of renal excretion, glomerular filtration, occurs. Blood pressure forces water, ions, and small molecules...
1.1K
Drug Toxicity: Risk factors01:24

Drug Toxicity: Risk factors

Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) are potential complications that arise during pharmacotherapy, influenced by multiple risk factors. Age plays a significant role; both neonates and the elderly are at heightened risk due to their respective immature and diminished metabolic and elimination processes. Gender also impacts ADRs, with females experiencing a 1.5 to 1.7-fold greater risk than males, which may be linked to pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and hormonal differences. Notably, neonates, the...
214