[Age-related macular degeneration]

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of irreversible blindness in industrialized countries in individuals over 65 years of age. It is characterized by a progressive degenerative disorder of the macula, resulting in a loss of the central vision. There are two forms of AMD, the atrophic and the exudative form. A number of risk factors have been implicated in the onset of this condition. With the ageing of the population, the prevalence of AMD is steadily raising and is leading to a growing social and economical burden. Much research has been conducted to improve the diagnosis and management of people at risk of AMD and to develop new treatments. In this review we will discuss the risk factors associated with AMD, the clinical forms and their diagnosis, as well as the current and future therapeutic options.