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Decomposing changes in phylogenetic and functional diversity over space and time.

Loïc Chalmandrier1, Tamara Münkemüller1, Vincent Devictor2

  • 1Univ. Grenoble Alpes, LECA, F-38000 Grenoble, France ; CNRS, LECA, F-38000 Grenoble, France.

Methods in Ecology and Evolution
|February 17, 2015
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Summary

This study introduces a new method to analyze biodiversity changes across space and time simultaneously. It helps compare how ecosystems change over time and location using large datasets.

Keywords:
Hill numbersShannon entropybiodiversitybird assemblagesdiversity partitioninglarge-scale monitoringphylogenetic entropyturn-overβ-diversity

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Biodiversity Science
  • Spatial Statistics

Background:

  • Traditional diversity decomposition methods rarely analyze spatial and temporal changes together.
  • Large-scale biodiversity data necessitates a unified approach for spatio-temporal analysis.
  • Existing frameworks often fail to integrate spatial and temporal diversity components effectively.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a methodology for multiplicative alpha, beta, gamma diversity decomposition over space and time.
  • To provide guidelines for interpreting spatial and temporal beta-diversity and their interactions.
  • To enable simultaneous analysis of spatial and temporal biodiversity dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Adapted Rao's diversity decomposition framework using Chao's index properties.
  • Developed a multiplicative decomposition for functional or phylogenetic diversity.
  • Utilized simulations to test the independence of diversity components and the interaction term.

Main Results:

  • Temporal and spatial beta-diversities are independent when study designs are balanced.
  • The interaction term between temporal and spatial beta-diversities does not share this independence property.
  • The methodology successfully discriminated differing temporal diversity changes across regions in a bird assemblage case study.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed methodology offers a robust framework for analyzing spatio-temporal biodiversity dynamics.
  • It is valuable for comparing diversity changes across regions using large-scale, repeated survey data.
  • This approach enhances our understanding of complex biodiversity patterns in ecological research.