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Related Concept Videos

Indirect Motor Pathways01:22

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The indirect motor or extrapyramidal pathways originate in the brainstem, the lower portion of the brain that connects it to the spinal cord. They consist of several distinct tracts, each with specialized functions. The four main tracts of the indirect motor pathways are the vestibulospinal tract, the reticulospinal tract, the tectospinal tract, and the rubrospinal tract.
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Force and Position Control in Humans - The Role of Augmented Feedback
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Internal and External Feedback Circuits for Skilled Forelimb Movement.

Eiman Azim1, Andrew J P Fink2, Thomas M Jessell1

  • 1Departments of Neuroscience and Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032 tmj1@columbia.edu ea2471@columbia.edu.

Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology
|February 21, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Two spinal circuits refine skilled forelimb movements. One circuit stabilizes limbs using external feedback, while another uses internal feedback to rapidly adjust motor output for better performance.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Motor Control
  • Spinal Cord Research

Background:

  • Skilled motor behavior relies on efferent neural pathways and feedback systems.
  • Understanding how central and peripheral feedback influence movement is crucial but incomplete.
  • Spinal circuitry's role in integrating these feedback pathways is a key area of investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To delineate spinal circuitry that integrates external and internal feedback for forelimb motor behavior.
  • To investigate the distinct mechanisms by which spinal circuits modulate motor output.
  • To understand the behavioral consequences of manipulating these feedback pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of spinal presynaptic inhibitory circuits.
  • Investigation of excitatory propriospinal circuits.
  • Examination of forelimb motor behavior through circuit manipulation.

Main Results:

  • A spinal presynaptic inhibitory circuit was identified that regulates external feedback strength, enhancing limb stability during reaching.
  • A distinct excitatory propriospinal circuit was found to convey motor command copies to the cerebellum, creating an internal feedback loop.
  • Manipulation of these circuits demonstrated distinct impacts on motor performance, revealing specific control strategies.

Conclusions:

  • Spinal circuits play a critical role in binding external and internal feedback for skilled forelimb movement.
  • Presynaptic inhibition and propriospinal pathways offer distinct mechanisms for motor control and refinement.
  • These findings provide initial insights into the neural strategies underlying complex motor behaviors.