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Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis: a frequent and potentially severe disease

H Benjelloun1, N Zaghba1, N Yassine2

  • 1Service des maladies respiratoires, hôpital Ibn Rochd, Casablanca, Morocco.

Medecine Et Maladies Infectieuses
|February 24, 2015
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Pulmonary aspergilloma, often following tuberculosis, requires prompt diagnosis and management. This study highlights the challenges and outcomes of treating this fungal infection, emphasizing the need for early intervention.

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Mycology

Background:

  • Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis is a fungal infection often developing in pre-existing lung cavities, frequently a consequence of tuberculosis.
  • Pulmonary aspergilloma, a specific form of this infection, presents diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report the diagnostic and therapeutic management of pulmonary aspergilloma.
  • To analyze cases of pulmonary aspergilloma in a specific healthcare setting.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 81 patients diagnosed with pulmonary aspergilloma.
  • Data collected over 11 years from the respiratory diseases unit of Casablanca Ibn Rochd hospital.
  • Analysis included patient demographics, medical history, symptoms, diagnostic findings, and treatment outcomes.

Main Results:

  • The study included 81 non-immunocompromised patients (48 male, 33 female) with an average age of 51.
  • A history of tuberculosis was present in 78 cases, and hemoptysis was the primary symptom in 73 cases.
  • Surgical treatment was performed in 50 cases, medical treatment in 24, with 5 reported deaths.

Conclusions:

  • Pulmonary aspergilloma is common, particularly in tuberculosis-endemic regions, often occurring secondary to tuberculosis.
  • Early and appropriate management is crucial for improving patient outcomes.
  • While surgical resection is a primary treatment, it carries significant morbidity and mortality, necessitating preventive strategies.
Keywords:
AspergillomaAspergillomeHemoptysisHémoptysieMycoseMycosisSequel of tuberculosisSéquelles de tuberculose

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