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A hybrid electro-optic polymer and TiO2 double-slot waveguide modulator
Feng Qiu1, Andrew M Spring1, Daisuke Maeda2
1Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga-koen Kasuga-city, Fukuoka, 816-8580 Japan.
Scientific Reports
|February 25, 2015
Summary
Researchers developed a novel electro-optic (EO) modulator using titanium dioxide (TiO2) slot hybrid waveguides. This design enhances EO activity and reduces driving voltage for efficient optical modulation.
Area of Science:
- Photonics and Optoelectronics
- Materials Science
Background:
- Electro-optic (EO) modulators are crucial for optical communication and signal processing.
- Enhancing EO activity and reducing driving voltage are key challenges in modulator design.
Purpose of the Study:
- To design and fabricate a novel EO modulator utilizing a TiO2 slot hybrid waveguide.
- To investigate the impact of TiO2 slots on EO activity and device performance.
Main Methods:
- Optical mode calculations were performed to analyze mode confinement.
- A double-slot configuration was employed to maximize EO activity.
- The fabricated hybrid phase modulator was characterized at 1550 nm.
Main Results:
- The double-slot configuration confined optical modes within the TiO2 slots, enhancing EO activity.
- TiO2 slots facilitated an enhanced DC field during poling and modulation.
- A driving voltage (Vπ) of 1.6 V was achieved, reducible to 0.8 V in a push-pull Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) structure.
- Low propagation loss (5 dB/cm) and high end-fire coupling efficiency were demonstrated.
Conclusions:
- The TiO2 slot hybrid waveguide is a promising platform for high-performance EO modulators.
- The design offers a pathway to lower power consumption and improved efficiency in optical devices.
