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Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)01:27

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The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) serves as the primary classification system for mental health disorders, providing standardized diagnostic criteria for clinicians and researchers. First published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 1952, the DSM has undergone several revisions to reflect evolving psychiatric understanding. The fifth edition, DSM-5, released in 2013, introduced key updates that expanded diagnostic categories and modified diagnostic...
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The development of psychological disorders, which are characterized by deviant, maladaptive, and personally distressing behaviors, has been explored through several theoretical approaches.
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Abnormal behavior, often referred to as mental illness, results from changes in brain function that influence thought patterns, behaviors, and social interactions. Psychologists and psychiatrists typically assess abnormal behavior using three primary criteria: deviance, maladaptation, and personal distress, particularly when these traits persist over long periods.
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Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), previously termed multiple personality disorder, is a complex psychological condition characterized by the presence of two or more distinct identities or personality states. Each identity exhibits unique patterns of behavior, voice, and mannerisms and may possess separate memories and emotional responses. The alternating control between identities can result in memory gaps and challenges in recalling daily activities, often exacerbating the individual's...
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[Unresolved issues in the DSM-5].

Josep Artigas-Pallarés, Isabel Paula-Pérez1

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Summary
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The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5) faces criticism regarding diagnostic validity and comorbidity. A new research strategy focuses on transdiagnostic dimensions to advance mental health research.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Psychology
  • Mental Health Research

Context:

  • The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5) has faced significant criticism since its publication.
  • Criticism includes changes in diagnostic criteria, the addition of new mental health entities, and concerns about diagnostic validity.
  • The DSM-5's categorical approach with high comorbidity is questioned for its research efficiency.

Purpose:

  • To analyze the criticisms surrounding the DSM-5.
  • To highlight the limitations of the DSM-5's categorical model.
  • To introduce the National Institute of Mental Health's research strategy for advancing mental health.

Summary:

  • The DSM-5's publication generated criticism concerning diagnostic criteria and validity.
  • A core issue identified is the incoherence of a categorical model with high comorbidity.
  • The US National Institute of Mental Health proposes a research strategy focusing on transdiagnostic dimensions of dysfunction.

Impact:

  • The paper questions the DSM-5's efficiency in research due to its inherent flaws.
  • It suggests that the proposed research strategy may overcome research blockages.
  • This shift aims to foster therapeutic advances in mental health treatment.