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Control of magnetism by electric fields.
Fumihiro Matsukura1, Yoshinori Tokura2, Hideo Ohno1
11] WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan [2] Center for Spintronics Integrated Systems, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan [3] Laboratory for Nanoelectronics and Spintronics, Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
Nature Nanotechnology
|March 6, 2015
Summary
Scientists can electrically control magnetism in various materials by altering charge carriers or using electrical polarization. This review covers experimental progress, mechanisms, and future directions in electrical manipulation of magnetization.
Area of Science:
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Materials Science
- Electrical Engineering
Background:
- Electrical manipulation of magnetism is a key area in materials science.
- Electric fields can alter magnetic properties in ferromagnetic semiconductors, metals, and multiferroics.
- Mechanisms involve changes in carrier density, Fermi level, and electrical polarization.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review experimental advancements in the electrical control of magnetization.
- To discuss the underlying physical mechanisms driving these phenomena.
- To outline future research directions and potential applications.
Main Methods:
- Experimental synthesis and characterization of various material systems.
- Application of electric fields to induce changes in magnetic properties.
- Analysis of charge carrier dynamics and magnetic interactions.
Main Results:
- Demonstrated electrical control of magnetic exchange interaction and anisotropy in ferromagnetic semiconductors.
- Observed modulation of magnetic anisotropy in ferromagnetic metals via Fermi level tuning.
- Reported electric field coupling with magnetization in multiferroic materials.
Conclusions:
- Significant progress has been made in electrically manipulating magnetization across diverse material platforms.
- A deeper understanding of the fundamental mechanisms is crucial for further development.
- The field holds promise for novel spintronic devices and applications.
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