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Related Concept Videos

Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

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Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
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Reticular Dermis01:15

Reticular Dermis

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The papillary and reticular dermis are the two layers of the dermis. They are made of connective tissue with fibers of collagen extending from one to the other, making the border between the two somewhat indistinct. The dermal papillae extending into the epidermis belong to the papillary layer, whereas the dense collagen fiber bundles below belong to the reticular layer.
Reticular Layer
Underlying the papillary layer is the much thicker reticular layer, composed of dense, irregular connective...
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Papillary Dermis01:11

Papillary Dermis

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Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
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Accessory Structures of the Skin: Sebaceous Glands01:21

Accessory Structures of the Skin: Sebaceous Glands

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A sebaceous gland is a type of oil gland found almost all over the skin ( except palms and soles) and helps lubricate and waterproof the skin and hair. Most sebaceous glands are associated with hair follicles. They generate and excrete sebum, a mixture of lipids, onto the skin surface, thereby naturally lubricating the dry and dead layer of keratinized cells of the stratum corneum, keeping it pliable.
These glands that produce the oils on the skin and hair are holocrine glands. The mature...
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The Skin Microbiota01:27

The Skin Microbiota

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The human skin serves as a complex ecosystem inhabited by a diverse community of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. This microbiome plays a critical role in maintaining skin health and defending against pathogenic invaders. The composition of microbial communities varies significantly across different regions of the body, influenced primarily by the local levels of moisture and sebum.Regional Variation in Skin MicrobiotaCutibacterium acnes predominantly colonizes sebaceous...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 16, 2026

In Vivo Confocal Microscopy: A Standard Operating Procedure for the Detection of Demodex Mites at the Eyelid Margin
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In Vivo Confocal Microscopy: A Standard Operating Procedure for the Detection of Demodex Mites at the Eyelid Margin

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[Primary human demodicosis. A disease sui generis].

C-K Hsu1, A Zink, K-J Wei

  • 1Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine and Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.

Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift Fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, Und Verwandte Gebiete
|March 7, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human Demodex mites are unique ectoparasites living in skin follicles. Primary demodicosis, a distinct skin disease, requires acaricide treatment for effective management.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Parasitology
  • Microbiology

Context:

  • Human Demodex mites (Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis) are unique obligate ectoparasites residing in the pilosebaceous unit.
  • Their lifelong coexistence with humans typically elicits minimal host immune response, with the symbiotic relationship remaining largely undefined.
  • While their pathogenicity in inflammatory skin conditions is increasingly recognized, primary human demodicosis is a distinct entity not linked to immunosuppression.

Purpose:

  • To elucidate the characteristics and clinical presentation of primary human demodicosis.
  • To differentiate demodicosis from other inflammatory skin conditions like folliculitis, papulopustular rosacea, and perioral dermatitis.
  • To highlight the necessity of acaricide therapy for managing demodicosis.

Summary:

  • Human Demodex mites inhabit pilosebaceous units lifelong with limited immune response.
  • Primary demodicosis is a unique skin disease, often misdiagnosed, presenting in various forms (spinulate, papulopustular, nodulocystic, crustic, fulminant).
  • Effective treatment relies on acaricides, though optimal regimens and resistance require further study.

Impact:

  • Improved understanding of Demodex mite interactions and pathogenicity in skin diseases.
  • Enhanced diagnostic accuracy for primary demodicosis, reducing misdiagnosis with other dermatoses.
  • Establishes acaricides as the primary therapeutic approach for human demodicosis.