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Related Concept Videos

Bonding and Strength of Aggregate01:12

Bonding and Strength of Aggregate

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The bond between aggregate particles and the cement matrix is significantly influenced by the shape and surface texture of the aggregates. High-strength concretes benefit from a rougher texture, which leads to stronger bonding due to greater adhesion. Angular aggregates with larger surface areas also enhance this bond. The bonding quality, however, is complex to assess as no universally accepted test exists. Good bonding is indicated when a crushed concrete specimen shows some aggregate...
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Adhesion01:14

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Adhesion occurs when one type of molecule is attracted to a different molecule. Water exhibits adhesive properties in the presence of polar surfaces, such as glass or cellulose in plants. For instance, when water is poured into a glass, the positively charged hydrogen molecules of water are more attracted to the negatively charged oxygen molecules in the silica than to the oxygen in neighboring water molecules.
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Tooth Anatomy01:21

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The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 16, 2026

Quasistatic Mechanical Testing for Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing Occlusal Veneers Cemented to Milled Dentin Analog Material
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Quasistatic Mechanical Testing for Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing Occlusal Veneers Cemented to Milled Dentin Analog Material

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Carious affected dentine: its behaviour in adhesive bonding.

R Pinna1, M Maioli1,2, S Eramo3

  • 1Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.

Australian Dental Journal
|March 20, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Bonding to carious affected dentine (CAD) is weaker than sound dentine due to poor resin saturation. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitors may improve hybrid layer durability in CAD restorations.

Keywords:
Adhesioncarious affected hybrid layeretch-and-rinse adhesivesmatrix metalloproteinasesself-etching adhesives

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Area of Science:

  • Dental materials science
  • Adhesive dentistry
  • Biomaterials

Background:

  • Carious affected dentine (CAD) presents challenges in adhesive dentistry due to its intrinsic properties, leading to reduced bond strength compared to sound dentine.
  • This compromised bonding in CAD may increase susceptibility to nanoleakage and interface hydrolysis mediated by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review current knowledge on bonding to CAD.
  • To evaluate bond strength in CAD and the efficacy of MMP inhibitors in preventing hybrid layer instability.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted across MEDLINE/Pubmed, Scopus, and The Cochrane Library databases from January 1960 to August 2014.
  • Two independent reviewers screened and selected studies based on predefined inclusion criteria.

Main Results:

  • A total of 139 articles were included after reviewing 320 studies.
  • Poor resin saturation in the demineralized collagen matrix of CAD is linked to nanoleakage and strength degradation via MMP hydrolysis.
  • Mild self-etching systems and MMP inhibitors show promise for improving CAD bonding and hybrid layer stability.

Conclusions:

  • Further research is needed to enhance the understanding and performance of CAD bonding.
  • Improving the strength and long-term durability of the hybrid layer in CAD restorations is crucial.