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Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Induction and Assessment of Exertional Skeletal Muscle Damage in Humans
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When exercise causes exertional rhabdomyolysis.

Janet Furman1

  • 1Janet Furman is an assistant professor in the PA program at Rush University Medical Center in Chicago, Ill., and practices emergency medicine at Rush University Medical Center. The author has disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise.

JAAPA : Official Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants
|March 25, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Exertional rhabdomyolysis, a condition from intense exercise, can lead to severe complications if not promptly diagnosed. Clearer management guidelines are needed for treating this condition and guiding athletes back to activity safely.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Exertional rhabdomyolysis (ER) is a serious condition often triggered by intense or unaccustomed exercise.
  • Early ER symptoms can be subtle, potentially delaying diagnosis and treatment.
  • Untreated or severe ER can lead to critical complications like renal failure, compartment syndrome, and cardiac dysrhythmias.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the clinical presentation and potential complications of exertional rhabdomyolysis.
  • To underscore the current lack of established management guidelines for ER.
  • To emphasize the need for clear protocols for treating ER and facilitating safe return to exercise.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentations of exertional rhabdomyolysis.
  • Analysis of potential serious complications associated with ER.
  • Assessment of current gaps in management strategies for ER.

Main Results:

  • Exertional rhabdomyolysis presents subtly in early stages but can rapidly progress to severe outcomes.
  • Significant complications include renal failure, compartment syndrome, and dysrhythmias.
  • There is a notable absence of standardized guidelines for managing ER and guiding patient return to activity.

Conclusions:

  • Exertional rhabdomyolysis requires vigilant diagnosis due to subtle early signs and potential for severe complications.
  • The lack of concrete management guidelines poses a challenge for clinicians.
  • Development of evidence-based protocols is crucial for effective ER treatment and safe athlete rehabilitation.